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sqlite - A command line interface for SQLite
sqlite is a terminal-based front-end to the SQLite library. It enables you to type in queries interactively, issue them to SQLite and see the results. Alternatively, you can specify SQL code on the command-line. In addition it provides a number of meta-commands.
To start the sqlite program, just type "sqlite" followed by the name the file that holds the SQLite database. If the file does not exist, a new one is created automatically. The sqlite program will then prompt you to enter SQL. Type in SQL statements (terminated by a semicolon), press "Enter" and the SQL will be executed.
For example, to create a new SQLite database named "ex1" with a single table named "tbl1", you might do this:
$ sqlite ex1
SQLite version 2.0.0
Enter ".help" for instructions
sqlite> create table tbl1(one varchar(10), two smallint);
sqlite> insert into tbl1 values('hello!',10);
sqlite> insert into tbl1 values('goodbye', 20);
sqlite> select * from tbl1;
hello!|10
goodbye|20
sqlite>
Most of the time, sqlite just reads lines of input and passes them on to the SQLite library for execution. But if an input line begins with a dot ("."), then that line is intercepted and interpreted by the sqlite program itself. These "dot commands" are typically used to change the output format of queries, or to execute certain prepackaged query statements.
For a listing of the available dot commands, you can enter ".help" at any time. For example:
sqlite> .help
.dump ?TABLE? ... Dump the database in an text format
.echo ON|OFF Turn command echo on or off
.exit Exit this program
.explain ON|OFF Turn output mode suitable for EXPLAIN on or off.
"off" will revert to the output mode that was
previously in effect
.header(s) ON|OFF Turn display of headers on or off
.help Show this message
.indices TABLE Show names of all indices on TABLE
.mode MODE Set mode to one of "line(s)", "column(s)",
"insert", "list", or "html"
.mode insert TABLE Generate SQL insert statements for TABLE
.nullvalue STRING Print STRING instead of nothing for NULL data
.output FILENAME Send output to FILENAME
.output stdout Send output to the screen
.prompt MAIN CONTINUE Replace the standard prompts
"sqlite > " and " ...> "
with the strings MAIN and CONTINUE
CONTINUE is optional.
.quit Exit this program
.read FILENAME Execute SQL in FILENAME
.reindex ?TABLE? Rebuild indices
.schema ?TABLE? Show the CREATE statements
.separator STRING Change separator string for "list" mode
.show Show the current values for the following:
.echo
.explain
.mode
.nullvalue
.output
.separator
.width
.tables ?PATTERN? List names of tables matching a pattern
.timeout MS Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds
.width NUM NUM ... Set column widths for "column" mode
sqlite>
In 'list' mode, which is the default, one record per line is output, each field separated by the separator specified with the -separator option or .separator command.
In 'line' mode, each column is output on its own line, records are separated by blank lines.
In HTML mode, an XHTML table is generated.
In 'column' mode, one record per line is output, aligned neatly in colums.
o The defaults of
mode = LIST separator = "|" main prompt = "sqlite> " continue prompt = " ...> "
are established.
o If a file .sqliterc can be found in the user's home directory, it is read and processed. It should only contain "dot commands". If the file is not found or cannot be read, processing continues without notification.
o If a file is specified on the command line with the -init option, it is processed in the same manner as .sqliterc
o All other command line options are processed
o The database is opened and you are now ready to begin.
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