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NAME

tin, rtin - A Usenet newsreader


 

SYNOPSIS

rtin [[-h|-H|-V] | [[[-a] [-dlnq|-Q] [-AzX]] [-cvZ] [[-S] -s News_dir] [-N|-M address] [-o|-w]] [-D debug_level] [-G article_limit] [-f newsrc_file] [-g server] [-m Mail_dir] [-p port] [newsgroup[,...]]]  

DESCRIPTION

tin has four separate levels of operation: Group selection level, Group level, Thread level and Article level. Use the 'h' (help) command to view a list of the commands available at a particular level.

On startup tin will show a list of the newsgroups found in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc. An arrow '->' or highlighted bar will point to the first newsgroup. Move to a group by using the terminal arrow keys (terminal dependent) or 'j' and 'k'. Use PgUp/PgDn (terminal dependent) or '^U' (CTRL-U) and '^D' (CTRL-D) to page up/down. Enter a newsgroup by pressing '<RETURN>'.

The '<TAB>' key enters the next newsgroup with unread articles.  

EXIT STATUS

0

Successful program execution.

1

Usage, syntax, configuration file or network error.

Batch mode (-Z):

0

No unread news

1

Usage, syntax, configuration file or network error.

2

Unread news

OPTIONS

-a

Toggle ANSI color (default is off).

-A

Force authentication on initial connect.

-c

Create/update index files for every group in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc or file specified by the ''-f'' option and mark all articles as read.

-d

Don't load newsgroup descriptions (interactive mode).

-D debug-level

Enter debug-level (1 = NNTP, 2 = all).

-f file

Use the specified file of subscribed to newsgroups in place of ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc.

-g server

Use the server and newsrc specified in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/newsrctable.

-G article-limit

Limit the number of articles/group to retrieve from the server.

-h

Help listing all command line options.

-H

Brief introduction to tin that is also shown the first time it is started.

-I dir

Directory in which to store newsgroup index files. Default is ${TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR-"${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin"}/.news. This option is disabled if tin is compiled as reading news via NNTP only.

-l

Get number of articles per group from the ${TIN_LIBDIR-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE-active} file - this might result in incorrect article counts but is usually faster than the default which is to read the ${TIN_LIBDIR-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE-active} file and then check the article count via NNTP GROUP command ''-ln''.

-m dir

Mailbox directory to use. Default is ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/Mail.

-M user

Mail unread articles to specified user for later reading. For more information read section "AUTOMATIC MAILING AND SAVING NEW NEWS".

-n

Only load groups from the ${TIN_LIBDIR-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE-active} file that are subscribed to in the user's ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc. This allows a noticeable speedup when connecting via a slow line, but tin can not tell which groups are moderated.

-N

Mail unread articles to yourself for later reading. For more information read section "AUTOMATIC MAILING AND SAVING NEW NEWS".

-o

Quick post all postponed articles and exit.

-p port

Port to use if reading via NNTP (default is 119). This also overrides the environment variable $NNTPPORT if set.

-q

Don't check for new newsgroups.

-Q

Quick start. Start tin as quickly as possible. Currently this is equivalent to ''-nqd''.

-r

Read news remotely from the default NNTP server specified in the environment variable $NNTPSERVER or contained in the file /etc/nntpserver.

-R

Read news saved by the ''-S'' option.

-s dir

Save/read articles to/in directory. Default is ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/News.

-S

Save unread articles for later reading by the ''-R'' option. For more information read section "AUTOMATIC MAILING AND SAVING NEW NEWS".

-u

Create/update index files for every group in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc or file specified by the ''-f'' option. This option is disabled if tin retrieves its index files via a NNTP server.

-v

Verbose mode for ''-c'', ''-M'', ''-N'', ''-S'', ''-u'' and ''-Z'' options.

-V

Print version and date information.

-w

Quick mode to post an article and then exit. In order for this to be quick, tin is started in the same way as with ''-n'' and so only those groups in the newsrc are available for posting.

-X

No overwrite mode. ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc and files in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin will not be overwritten but may be created if they don't exist.

-z

Only start tin if there is any new/unread news. If there is news tin will position cursor at first group with unread news. Useful for putting in login file.

-Z

Check if there is any new/unread news and exit with appropriate status. If ''-v'' option is specified the number of unread articles in each group is printed. An exit code 0 indicates no news, 1 that an error occurred and 2 that new/unread news exists. Useful for writing scripts.

tin can also dynamically change its options by the 'M' menu command. Any changes are written to ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/tinrc. For more information see section "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" and tin(5).

A list of groups can be specified after the other command line options. This can be useful if you wish to yank in or subscribe to a hand-picked subset of the active newsgroups. See the section "NEWSGROUP LISTS & WILDCARDS" for the types of pattern that tin understands.

If you specify a single group-name, or a wildcard that matches a single group, then you will automatically enter that group. Otherwise the normal group selection screen will appear, but with all the matching groups present too, as though you had yanked just those groups in.

Once you use 'y' to yank in all active groups, or 'r' to toggle the read/unread status, then the command line groups will be gone. You can use 'Y' to reread the ${TIN_LIBDIR-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE-active} file and get them back.

NB: With the ''-n'' flag, only unsubscribed groups in the ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc file (or the newsrc-file given by the ''-f'' command-line switch or via ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/newsrctable) can be matched.  

USAGE

NEWS ADMINISTRATION

A user starting tin for the first time can be automatically subscribed to a list of newsgroups that are deemed appropriate by the news administrator. The subscriptions file should be created in your news lib directory (i.e., ${TIN_LIBDIR-NEWSLIBDIR}/subscriptions) and should have file permissions set to 0644. If you read news via NNTP, then your news server must support the LIST SUBSCRIPTIONS command. It is part of the Common NNTP Extensions (RFC2980) and all modern servers should understand it.  

SCREEN FORMAT

At the Selection level the title displays (the name of the newsserver and) the number of subscribed groups (containing new unread articles). The newsgroups are displayed in the middle of the screen with the number of unread articles displayed on the same line in front.

->M    1     2  comp.security.announce  Announcements from the CERT abou
  M    2     1  news.admin.announce     Announcements for news adminstra
       3    22  news.software.misc      News-related software other than
       4  1475  news.software.nntp      The Network News Transfer Protoc
  X    5   124  news.software.readers   Discussion of software used to r

There may also be a character prefixing the line. An explanation follows:

u

This group is unsubscribed. To see only your subscribed groups use the 'r' or 'y' toggle keys.

M

This is a moderated group. Any posts you make will have to be approved by the group administrator before it will be made public. tin will ask for confirmation before you post to a moderated group.

N

This is a new newsgroup which has been created since you last used tin. New newsgroups are not subscribed to by default (However, see the $AUTOSUBSCRIBE / $AUTOUNSUBSCRIBE environment variables). Subscribe to it in the normal way if you wish the group to continue to appear in your Selection Menu. Simply ignore new newsgroups and they will be gone the next time you start tin. You will have to yank in all the groups to find them in a later session.

D

This group no longer exists. If you no longer wish to see this group then unsubscribe from it in the normal way. This flag will only appear if you have set strip_bogus to "ask" in the Options Menu.

X

You may no longer make posts to this group. Often a group will be superseded by a more appropriately named one.

=

This group has been renamed and you may no longer post to it. If you do, then you will receive an error from your newsserver telling you the correct group to post to.

At the Group level the title contains the name of the group, the number of conversation threads, the threading-method, the limit of articles to get, the total number of articles, the number of hot articles, the number of recent articles and the number of killed articles. I.e.:

            alt.sources (5B -50/23+ 0* 3o 0K  ).

The characters after the numbers are depending to the configuration and if your are in show_only_unread_arts mode or not. Some numbers could be missing if the specific option is not enabled. It might also contain an 'M', 'X' or '=' (see above; doesn't work with the ''-n'' command-line switch!) if the group is moderated, set to no posting or postings to it get redirected.

If a thread has unread articles in it it's marked with a art_marked_unread in front of the total number of articles in the thread. If there are recent articles within the thread it might be marked with art_marked_recent in front of the total number of articles in the thread - this is controlled by the recent_time option. If a thread has hot articles in it (see also section "FILTERING ARTICLES") it's marked with art_marked_selected in front of the total number of articles in the thread. The number of lines of the first (unread) article in the thread might also be shown right before the subject - this is controlled by the show_lines option.

                de.admin.net-abuse.announce (11B 13+ 1* 1o 0K M)

->   1   +   3  108 bincancels in de.talk.sex        Christopher Lueg <l
     2   +       69 EMP/ECP gecancelt. xynx. BI= 10  Henning Weede <hwee
     3   o       93 EMP gecancelt. SouthBeach/Palms  Henning Weede <hwee
     4   *      368 <1997-11-12> Fremdcancel-FAQ     Thomas Roessler <ro

At the Thread level the screen usually (depends on the threading method used) looks like this:

->   0      [   7]  What is this funny tree in the thr  Robert F. Simmig
     1      [  12]  +->                                 Sephan Wagner <s
     2      [ 230]  | `->Tin thread-level (was: What is Bob Johnson <bob
     3      [  22]  `->tin threading menu               Brian Richardson

At the Article level the page header has the following format:

Sun, 28 Dec 1997 21:21:01   de.admin.news.groups      Thread   20 of 86
Lines 50   Re: EINSPRUCH zu RESULT:de.comm.mobil.ALL   RespNo  47 of 59
Urs Janssen <[email protected]>        at Arbeitskreis Kultur und Kommunikati

article-body

COMMON MOVING KEYS

                      ANSI/vt100  Other Terminals
Beg. of list/article  Home        ^ (1)
End of list/article   End         $ (2)
Page Up               PgUp        ^U or ^B or b
Page Down             PgDn        ^D or ^F or <SPACE> (3)
Line Up               Up arrow    k or ^P
Line Down             Down arrow  j or ^N
(1) also g in the article, config and help menus
(2) also G in the article, config and help menus
(3) When viewing the last page of an article, PgDn and SPACE
    will optionally move to the next article. See the tinrc
    variables pgdn_goto_next and space_goto_next_unread
    for more information.

COMMON EDITING COMMANDS

^A, ^E

move to beginning or end of line, respectively.

^F, ^B

non-destructive move forward or back one location, respectively.

^D

delete the character currently under the cursor, or send EOF if no characters in the buffer.

^H, <DEL>

delete character left of the cursor.

^K

delete from cursor to end of line.

^P, ^N

move through history, previous and next, respectively.

^L, ^R

redraw the current line.

<CR>

places line on history list if non-blank, appends newline and returns to the caller.

<ESC>

aborts the present editing operation.

GLOBAL COMMANDS

!

Shell escape. '!' by itself will launch a shell, ! <command> will run an external <command>. This facility may have been disabled by the System Administrator

&

Toggle use of ANSI color.

^L

Redraw the current screen.

^O

Reload postponed article. If your system blocks '^O' (CTRL-O) you must quote it by pressing '^V' (CTRL-V) first. The postpone-menu offers the following actions: 'y' = reload and spawn editor; 'Y' = post article (without spawning editor); 'A' = post all postponed articles (without spawning editor); 'n' = skip this article; 'q' = quit postponed menu. Currently there is no 'simple' way to delete a postponed article from the postponed-file, you have to use the following command sequence instead: reload it with '^O', enter editor with 'y', quit editor, discard posting with 'q'. See also ''-o'' command-line switch.

h

Help screen of commands available on the current menu. You can use '/' and '?' to search on this screen. 'q' returns to the menu.

H

Toggle the display of help mini menu at the bottom of the screen.

O

Reload postponed article. See also ''-o'' command-line switch.

W

List articles posted by user. The date posted, the newsgroup and the subject are listed. You can use '/' and '?' to search on this screen. 'q' returns to the menu.

v

Print tin version information.

NEWSGROUP SELECTION COMMANDS

4

Select group 4.

^R

Reset ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc file. This will destroy all records of which articles have been read, so use this carefully.

#

Choose a range of articles to be affected by the next command. See the section "RANGES" for more information.

.

Sort the list of newsgroups

/

Search for a group by name and description (if displayed).

?

Backward search through the group names and descriptions.

<CR>

Read current group.

<TAB>

Enter next group with unread news. Will wrap around to the beginning of the group selection list looking for unread groups.

c

Make current group as all read [after confirmation] and move to the next group in the group selection list.

C

Mark current group as all read [after confirmation] and enter the next unread group in the group selection list.

d

Toggle display to show just the group name or the group name and the group descriptions.

g

Choose a new group by name. This command can be used to access any group, even those not currently yanked in.

i

Toggle the display of the description of the current newsgroup in the last line. This will not be available if tin was started with the ''-d'' option.

I

Toggle inverse video.

m

Move the current group within the group selection list. By entering '1' the group will become the first displayed group in the list, by entering '8' the eighth group in the list etc. By entering '$' the group will be the last group displayed.

M

User configurable options menu (for more information see section "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES").

n

Enter next group with unread news. This key is identical to '<TAB>'

N

Positions the cursor on the next group with unread articles in it.

q

Quit tin - ask the user to confirm if confirm_to_quit is on.

Q

Quit tin - don't ask the user to confirm.

r

Toggle display of all subscribed to groups and just those groups containing unread articles. Command has no effect if groups were specified on the command line when tin was started.

R

Mail a bug report or comment to <[email protected]>. This is the best way of getting bugs fixed and features added/changed.

s

Subscribe to current group.

S

Subscribe to groups matching user specified pattern. See the section "NEWSGROUP LISTS & WILDCARDS" for the types of pattern that tin understands.

u

Unsubscribe to current group. This can be used to remove bogus groups. See strip_bogus in the "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" section.

U

Unsubscribe to groups matching user specified pattern. See the section "NEWSGROUP LISTS & WILDCARDS" for the types of pattern that tin understands.

w

Post an article to current group. If posting fails for some reason, you'll get the chance to edit ('e') the article again, postpone ('o') it for later processing (see also ''-o''command-line switch) or discard ('q') it.

X

Quit tin without saving any changes to the configuration.

y

Yanks in all groups. Toggles the displayed groups between all the groups in the ${TIN_LIBDIR-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE-active} file and just those that are subscribed to in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc.

Y

Reread the ${TIN_LIBDIR-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE-active} file to see if any new news has arrived since starting tin.

z

Mark all articles in the current group as unread.

Z

Identical to 'z'.

GROUP INDEX COMMANDS

4

Select article 4.

^A

Auto select article(s) using a menu. Read the section "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more information.

^K

Kill article(s) using a menu. Read the section "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more information.

#

Choose a range of articles to be affected by the next command. See the section "RANGES" for more information.

-

Re-enter the last message that was viewed.

/

Search forward for specified subject.

?

Search backward for specified subject.

*

Select current thread for later processing.

+

Perform auto-selection on current group.

\.

Toggle selection of current thread. If at least one unread article, (but not every unread article) in the current thread is selected, then all unread articles become selected.

;

For each thread in current group, if it at least one unread article is selected, all unread articles become selected. This is useful for auto-selection on author where reader wants to see entire thread.

=

Prompts for a pattern with which to match on. All threads whose subjects match the pattern will be marked selected. A pattern of ''*'' will match all subjects. Entering just '<CR>' will re-use the last pattern that was entered.

@

Reverse all selections on all articles.

~

Undo all selections on all articles. It clears the toggle effect of 'X' command. Thus after first doing a 'X', one can then do '~' to reset articles. Thus, one can iteratively whittle down uninteresting threads.

|

Pipe current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles into command. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

[

Auto select article(s) with a single key [after confirmation]. The defaults used for selection are based upon the following four tinrc config variables:

default_filter_select_case
default_filter_select_expire
default_filter_select_global
default_filter_select_header

Read the section "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" for a full explanation of these variables and "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more information on filtering.

]

Kill article(s) with a single key [after confirmation]. The defaults used for killing are based upon the following four tinrc config variables:

default_filter_kill_case
default_filter_kill_expire
default_filter_kill_global
default_filter_kill_header

Read the section "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" for a full explanation of these variables and "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more information on filtering.

<CR>

Read current article.

<TAB>

View next unread article or group.

a

Author forward search. This searches for articles with a specific From: line.

A

Author backward search. Otherwise, see 'a' above.

B

Search the body of all articles in group (can be slow). You can abort the search using 'q'.

c

Mark all articles as read [after confirmation] then return to the group selection list. Move cursor to next group.

C

Mark all articles as read [after confirmation] and enter the next group with unread news.

d

Cycle the display of the author through all the possible options for the tinrc variable show_author.

E

Edit the filter file and reload it afterwards.

g

Choose a new group by name. This command can be used to access any group, even those not currently yanked in.

G

Toggle article/group limit.

i

Display the subject of the first article in the current thread in the last line.

I

Toggle inverse video.

K

Mark article/thread as read and move onto the next unread article/thread.

l

Open the thread under the current cursor position.

L

Look up article by ''Message:-ID:''.

m

Mail current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles to someone. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

M

User configurable options menu (for more information see section "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES").

n

Go to next group.

N

Go to next unread article.

o

Send current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles to printer. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

p

Go to previous group.

P

Go to previous unread article.

q

Return to previous level.

Q

Quit tin - don't ask the user to confirm.

r

Toggle the display between all articles and unread articles

R

Mail a bug report or comment to <[email protected]>. This is the best way of getting bugs fixed and features added/changed.

s

Save current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

S

Save tagged articles automatically without further prompting.

t

Toggle tag-status of current article / thread for mailing ('m') / piping ('|') / printing ('o') / saving ('s') / reposting ('x').

T

Automatically tag in order all the parts of the current multi-part message

u

Cycle the threading mode through no threading, threading by subject, threading by references, threading on both subject and references, group multipart articles into a thread (Subject: based).

U

Untag all articles that were tagged.

w

Post an article to current group. If posting fails for some reason, you'll get the chance to edit ('e') the article again, postpone ('o') it for later processing (see also ''-o''command-line switch) or discard ('q') it.

x

Repost an already posted article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles to another newsgroup(s). Useful for reposting from global to local newsgroups. Do not use this to cross-post your own articles.

X

Mark all unread articles that have not been selected as read, redraw screen to reflect changes and put index at the first thread to begin reading. Pressing 'X' again will toggle back to the way it was before. See '~' command for clearing the toggle effect, leaving the group will also clear the toggle effect and make the changes permanent.

z

Mark current article as unread.

Z

Mark current thread as unread.

THREAD LISTING COMMANDS

4

Select article 4 within thread.

#

Choose a range of articles to be affected by the next command. See the section "RANGES" for more information.

-

Re-enter the last message that was viewed.

/

Search forward for a specified subject.

?

Search backwards for a specified subject.

*

Select the current thread for later processing.

.

Toggle selection of current article.

@

Reverse article selections.

~

Undo all selections on current thread.

|

Pipe current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles into command. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

<CR>

Read current article within thread.

<TAB>

View next unread article within thread.

a

Author forward search. This searches for articles with a specific From: line. The search will wrap over into the next thread if nothing is found in the current one.

A

Author backward search. Otherwise, see 'a' above.

B

Search the body of all articles in group (can be slow). You can abort the search using 'q'.

c

Mark thread as read [after confirmation] and return to the group index page. Move cursor to next thread.

C

Mark thread as read [after confirmation] and enter the next thread containing unread news.

d

Cycle the display of the author through all the possible options for the tinrc variable show_author.

i

Display the subject of the current article in the last line.

I

Toggle inverse video.

K

Mark article as read and move onto the next unread article.

L

Look up article by ''Message:-ID:''.

m

Mail current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles to someone. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

q

Return to previous level.

Q

Quit tin - don't ask the user to confirm.

r

Toggle display to show all articles or only unread articles.

R

Mail a bug report or comment to <[email protected]>. This is the best way of getting bugs fixed and features added/changed.

s

Save current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

S

Save tagged articles automatically without further prompting.

t

Toggle tag status of current article for mailing ('m') / piping ('|') / printing ('o') / saving ('s') / reposting ('x').

U

Untag all tagged threads

w

Post an article to current group. If posting fails for some reason, you'll get the chance to edit ('e') the article again, postpone ('o') it for later processing (see also ''-o''command-line switch) or discard ('q') it.

z

Mark current article in thread as unread.

Z

Mark all articles in thread as unread.

ARTICLE VIEWER COMMANDS

0

Read the first (base) article in this thread.

4

Read response 4 in this thread.

^A

Auto select article(s) using a menu. Read the section "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more information.

^E

Reply through mail to the author of the current article with a copy of the article with all headers included.

^G

Perform pgp(1) operations on article.

^H

Toggles the display mode (raw including all headers vs. cooked)

^K

Kill article(s) using a menu. Read the section "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more information.

^T

Toggle the TAB width between 4 and 8 characters.

^W

Post a followup to the current article with a copy of the article with all headers included.

Toggle TeX to ISO decoding for current article. The default behaviour is taken from the tex2iso_conv variable in the tinrc file.

%

Toggle ROT-13 decoding for this article.

(

Toggle the display of uuencoded sections on/off. The default behaviour is taken from the hide_uue variable in the tinrc file.

)

The formfeed character ('^L') is often used to hide 'spoilers' that the reader may not initially wish to see when viewing an article. Any text after a formfeed is not displayed. This keypress acts like a reveal key and turns the hidden text back on. Scrolling down will also reveal the text, scrolling up will hide it again.

-

Re-enter the last message that was viewed.

/

Forward search the text of this article.

?

Backward search the text of this article.

:

Skip to the end of the quoted text in this article.

<

Goto the first article in the current thread.

>

Goto the last article in the current thread.

_

Toggle word highlighting on/off.

|

Pipe current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles into command. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

[

Auto select article(s) with a single key. The defaults used for selection are set based upon the following four tinrc config variables:

default_filter_select_case
default_filter_select_expire
default_filter_select_global
default_filter_select_header

Read the section "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" for a full explanation of these variables and "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more information on filtering.

]

Kill article(s) with a single key. The defaults used for killing are based upon the following four tinrc config variables:

default_filter_kill_case
default_filter_kill_expire
default_filter_kill_global
default_filter_kill_header

Read the section "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" for a full explanation of these variables and "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more information on filtering.

<CR>

Goto next base article.

<TAB>

Goto next unread article. If the tinrc variable tab_goto_next_unread is set to OFF, then this key will first page through the current article.

a

Author forward search.

A

Author backward search.

B

Search the body of all articles in group (can be slow). You can abort the search using 'q'.

c

Mark the current thread as read [after confirmation] and return to the previous menu. Move cursor to next item.

C

Mark the rest of the current thread as read [after confirmation] and enter the next thread with unread articles.

D

Cancel the current article. It must have been posted by the same user. The cancel message can be seen in the newsgroup 'control' or 'control.cancel'.

e

Edit the current article. Only available when in a mailgroup.

E

Edit the filter file and reload it afterwards.

f

Post a followup to the current article with a copy of the article included.

F

Post a followup to the current article without including a a copy of the article.

g

Goto the start of the article

G

Goto the end of the article

i

Display the subject of the current article in the last line.

I

Toggle inverse video.

k

Mark article as read and move on to next unread article. Behaves identically to N.

K

Mark rest of thread as read and move onto the next unread thread.

l

Show the thread menu that the current article is a part of.

L

Look up article by ''Message-ID:''.

m

Mail current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles to someone. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

M

User configurable options menu (for more information see section "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES").

n

Go to the next article.

N

Go to the next unread article.

o

Send current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles to printer. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

p

Go to the previous article.

P

Go to the previous unread article.

q

Return to the previous level.

Q

Quit tin - don't ask the user to confirm.

r

Reply through mail to the author of the current article with a copy of the article included.

R

Reply through mail to the author of the current article without including the original article.

s

Save current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

S

Save tagged articles automatically without further prompting.

t

Toggle tag status of current article for mailing ('m') / piping ('|') / printing ('o') / saving ('s') / reposting ('x').

T

Return to group selection level.

u

Goto parent article.

U

Browse URLs in article. All URL's will be prompted in turn and opened using the url_handler. '<ESC>' or no input will skip the URL.

V

View or save multimedia attachments.

w

Post an article to the current group. If posting fails for some reason, you'll get the chance to edit ('e') the article again, postpone ('o') it for later processing (see also ''-o''command-line switch) or discard ('q') it.

x

Repost an already posted article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching pattern / tagged articles to another newsgroup(s). Useful for reposting from global to local newsgroups. Do not use this to crosspost your own articles.

z

Mark article as unread.

Z

Mark the current thread as unread.

GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES

The variables are user configurable by editing ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/tinrc directly. Most of them can also be set in the GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU which is accessed by pressing 'M' at all levels. It allows the user to customize the behaviour of tin. The options are saved to the file ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/tinrc when you exit tin so don't edit the file directly whilst tin is running.

In the options 'M'enu use the cursor keys in the usual way to move around. Use '<CR>' to 'open' the option you wish to change. You will need to enter a new value or use '<SPACE>' to toggle the available options. '<CR>' will save the new value, '<ESC>' will abort without saving changes.

As with the other menus, '^L' will redraw the screen. You can use '/' and '?' to search for a specific option. Use 'q' to exit the option 'M'enu and keep your changes. Use 'Q' to exit without keeping your changes.

Here is a full list of all the available variables. The name in braces is the name of the corresponding setting in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/tinrc.

Add posted articles to filter (add_posted_to_filter)

If ON add posted articles to filter for highlighting follow-ups. Default is ON.

Insert 'User-Agent:'-header (advertising)

Turn ON advertising in header (''User-Agent:''). Default is ON.

Skip multipart/alternative parts (alternative_handling)

If ON strip multipart/alternative messages automatically. Default is ON.

Character to show deleted articles (art_marked_deleted)

The character used to show that an article was deleted. Default is 'D'.

Character to show inrange articles (art_marked_inrange)

The character used to show that an article is in a range. Default is '#'.

Character to show articles that will be marked unread (art_marked_return)

The character used to show that an article will return as an unread article when the group is next entered. Default is '-'.

Character to show selected articles (art_marked_selected)

The character used to show that an article/thread is auto-selected (hot). Default is '*'.

Character to show recent articles (art_marked_recent)

The character used to show that an article/thread is recent (not older than X days). See also recent_time. Default is 'o'.

Character to show unread articles (art_marked_unread)

The character used to show that an article has not been read. Default is '+'.

Character to show read articles (art_marked_read)

The character used to show that an article was read. Default is ' '.

Character to show read articles (art_marked_killed)

The character used to show that an article was killed. Default is 'K'. kill_level must be set accordingly.

Character to show read selected articles (art_marked_read_selected)

The character used to show that an article was hot before it was read. Default is ':'. kill_level must be set accordingly.

Ask before using metamail (ask_for_metamail)

If ON tin will ask before using metamail(1) to display MIME messages. This only occurs if use_metamail is also switched ON. Default is OFF.

Send you a blind cc automatically (auto_bcc)

If ON automatically put your name in the ''Bcc:'' field when mailing an article. Default is OFF

Send you a cc automatically (auto_cc)

If ON automatically put your name in the ''Cc:'' field when mailing an article. Default is OFF.

List thread using right arrow key (auto_list_thread)

If ON automatically list thread when entering it using right arrow key. Default is ON.

Reconnect to server automatically (auto_reconnect)

Default is OFF.

Use Archive-name: header for save (auto_save)

If ON articles/threads with ''Archive-name:'' in header will be automatically saved with the Archive-name & part/patch no and post processed if post_proc_type is not set to none. Default is OFF.

Save articles in batch mode (batch_save)

If set ON articles/threads will be saved in batch mode when save ''-S'' or mail ''-M, -N'' is specified on the command line. Default is ON.

Show mini menu & posting etiquette (beginner_level)

If set ON a mini menu of the most useful commands will be displayed at the bottom of the screen for each level. Also a short posting etiquette will be displayed after composing an article. Default is ON.

Cache NNTP overview files locally (cache_overview_files)

If ON, create local copies of NNTP overview files. This can be used to considerably speed up accessing large groups when using a slow connection. Default is OFF.

Catchup read groups when quitting (catchup_read_groups)

If set ON the user is asked when quitting if all groups read during the current session should be marked read. Default is OFF.

Standard background color (col_back)

Standard background color

Color of sender (From:) (col_from)

Color of sender (From:)

col_head

Color of header-lines

col_help

Color of help pages

col_invers_bg

Color of background for inverse text

col_invers_fg

Color of foreground for inverse text

col_markdash

Color of words emphasised like _this_. See also word_h_display_marks

col_markstar

Color of words emphasised like *this*. See also word_h_display_marks

col_minihelp

Color of mini help menu

col_newsheaders

Color of actual news header fields

col_normal

Standard foreground color

col_quote

Color of quoted lines

col_quote2

Color of twice quoted lines

col_quote3

Color of >=3 times quoted lines

col_response

Color of response counter. This is the text that says "Response x of y" in the article viewer.

col_signature

Color of signatures

col_subject

Color of article subject

col_text

Color of text-lines

col_title

Color of title text on all the menu screens

Confirm commands before executing (confirm_action)

Ask for confirmation before executing certain dangerous commands (e.g., 'c'atchup). Commands that this affects are marked in this manual with '[after confirmation]'. Default is ON.

Confirm before quitting (confirm_to_quit)

If ON you will be asked to confirm that you wish to exit tin when you use the 'q' command. Default is ON.

default_art_search

default_author_search

default_config_search

The last article/author/config option that was searched for

default_editor_format

The format string used to create the editor start command with parameters. Default is "%E +%N %F" (i.e., /bin/vi +7 .article).

default_filter_days

Default is 28.

default_filter_kill_case

Defaults for quick (1 key) kill filter case. ON = filter case sensitive, OFF = ignore case. Default is OFF.

default_filter_kill_expire

Defaults for quick (1 key) kill filter expire. ON = limit to default_filter_days, OFF = don't ever expire. Default is OFF.

default_filter_kill_global

Defaults for quick (1 key) kill filter global. ON=apply to all groups OFF=apply to current group. Default is ON.

default_filter_kill_header

Defaults for quick (1 key) kill filter header. 0,1 = ''Subject:'', 2,3 = ''From:'', 4 = ''Message-ID:'' & full ''References:'' line, 5 = ''Message-ID:'' & last ''References:'' entry only, 6 = ''Message-ID:'' entry only, 7 = ''Lines:''

default_filter_select_case

Defaults for quick (1 key) auto-selection filter case. ON=filter case sensitive OFF=ignore case. Default is OFF.

default_filter_select_expire

Defaults for quick (1 key) auto-selection filter expire. ON = limit to default_filter_days, OFF = don't ever expire. Default is OFF.

default_filter_select_global

Defaults for quick (1 key) auto-selection filter global. ON=apply to all groups OFF=apply to current group. Default is ON.

default_filter_select_header

Defaults for quick (1 key) auto-selection filter header. 0,1 = ''Subject:'', 2,3 = ''From:'', 4 = ''Message-ID:'' & full ''References:'' line, 5 = ''Message-ID:'' & last ''References:'' entry only, 6 = ''Message-ID:'' entry only, 7 = ''Lines:''

default_goto_group

default_group_search

default_mail_address

Mail directory (default_maildir)

The directory where articles/threads are to be saved in mbox(5) format. This feature is mainly for use with the elm(1) mail program. It allows the user to save articles/threads/groups simply by giving '=' as the filename to save to. Default is ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/Mail.

Invocation of your mail command (default_mailer_format)

The format string used to create the mailer command with parameters that is used for mailing articles to other people. Default is '%M "%T" < %F' (i.e., /bin/mail "iain" < .article). The flexible format allows other mailers with different command line parameters to be used such as 'elm -s "%S" "%T" < "%F"' (i.e., elm -s "subject" "iain" < .article) or 'sendmail -oi -oem -t < %F' (i.e. sendmail -oi -oem -t < .article).

default_move_group

default_pipe_command

default_post_newsgroups

default_post_subject

Printer program with options (default_printer)

The printer program with options that is to be used to print articles. The default is lpr(1) for BSD machines and lp(1) for SysV machines. Printing from tin may have been disabled by the System Administrator

default_range_group

default_range_select

default_range_thread

default_regex_pattern

default_repost_group

default_save_file

default_save_mode

Directory to save articles/threads in (default_savedir)

Directory where articles/threads are saved. Default is ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/News.

default_select_pattern

default_shell_command

Create signature from path/command (default_sigfile)

The path that specifies the signature file to use when posting, following up to or replying to an article. If the path is a directory then the signature will be randomly generated from files that are in the specified directory. Default is ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.Sig.

default_subject_search

Draw -> instead of highlighted bar (draw_arrow)

Allows groups/articles to be selected by an arrow '->' if set ON or by an highlighted bar if set OFF. Default is OFF.

Force redraw after certain commands (force_screen_redraw)

Specifies whether a screen redraw should always be done after certain external commands. Default is OFF.

Number of articles per group to get (getart_limit)

If use_getart_limit is ON and getart_limit is > 0 not more than getart_limit articles/group are fetched from the server. If use_getart_limit is ON and getart_limit is < 0 tin will start fetching articles from your first unread minus absolute value of getart_limit. Default is 0, which means no limit.

Number of days during which article is considered recent (recent_time)

If set to 0, this feature is deactivated, otherwise it means the number of days. Default is 2.

Catchup group using left key (group_catchup_on_exit)

If ON catchup group when leaving with the left arrow key. Default is ON.

Max. length of group names shown (groupname_max_length)

Maximum length of the names of newsgroups to be displayed so that more of the newgroup description can be displayed. Default is 32.

Treat uuencoded sections like an attachment (hide_uue)

If ON, then sections of uuencoded data will be shown with a single tag line showing the size and filename (much the same as a MIME attachment). Otherwise the raw uuencoded data is displayed. Default is OFF. This behaviour can also be toggled in the article viewer.

External inews (inews_prog)

Path, name and options of external inews(1) If you are reading via NNTP the default value is --internal (use built in NNTP inews), else it is "inews -h". The article is passed to inews_prog on STDIN via '< article'.

info_in_last_line

If ON, show current group description or article subject in the last line (not in the pager and global menu) - 'i' toggles setting. This facility is useful as the full width of the screen is available to display long subjects. Default is OFF.

Use inverse video for page headers (inverse_okay)

If ON use inverse video for page headers at different levels. Default is ON.

Keep failed articles in ~/dead.articles (keep_dead_articles)

If ON keep all failed postings in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/dead.articles besides keeping the last failed posting in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/dead.article. Default is ON.

Keep posted articles in ~/Mail/posted (keep_posted_articles)

If ON keep all postings in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/Mail/posted. Default is ON.

Handling of killed articles (kill_level)

This option controls the processing and display of articles that are killed. There are 3 options: 0 (default) is the 'traditional' behaviour of tin. Only unread articles are killed once only by marking them read. Options 1 and 2 will process all articles in the group and therefore there is a processing overhead when using them. Option 1 will thread killed articles as normal but they will be marked with a 'K'. Option 2 simply does not display killed articles. kill_level was first present in tin 1.2 and has been resurrected for 1.4.

Use 8bit characters in mail headers (mail_8bit_header)

Allows 8bit characters unencoded in the header of mail message. Default is OFF. Turning it ON is effective only if mail_mime_encoding is also set to 8bit. Leaving it OFF is safe for most users and compliant to Internet Mail Standard (RFC2822 and RFC2047). Default is OFF.

Mail address (mail_address)

User's mail address (and fullname), if not username@host. This is used when creating articles, sending mail and when pgp(1) signing.

MIME encoding in mail messages (mail_mime_encoding)

MIME encoding of the body in mail message, if necessary (8bit, base64, quoted-printable, 7bit) Default is 8bit and no encoding (or charset conversion) is performed (i.e., local charset is used as it is). If set to 7bit, CJK text in 8bit encoding (EUC-CN, EUC-TW, EUC-JP, EUC-KR, Big5, Shift_JIS) is supposed to be converted into ISO-2022-KR/JP/CN. Only EUC-KR to ISO-2022-KR conversion has been implemented, however. Accordingly, setting it to 7bit has no effect on MIME charsets/encodings other than EUC-KR (Korean).

Quote line when mailing (mail_quote_format)

Format of quote line when replying (via mail) to an article (%A=Address, %D=Date, %F=Fullname+Address, %G=Groupname, %M=Message-Id, %N=Fullname, %C=Firstname, %I=Initials). Default is "In article %M you wrote:"

Format of the mailbox (mailbox_format)

Select one of the following mailbox-formats: MBOXO (default), MBOXRD or MMDF. See mbox(5) for more details on MBOXO and MBOXRD and mmdf(5) for more details about MMDF.

Mark saved articles/threads as read (mark_saved_read)

If ON mark articles that are saved as read. Default is ON.

MM_CHARSET (mm_charset)

Charset supported locally, which is also used for MIME header (charset parameter and charset name in header encoding) in mail and news posting unless local charset/encoding needs to be converted into other charset/encoding as in case of EUC-KR which is converted to ISO-2022-KR if mail_mime_encoding is set to 7bit. Possible values include ISO-8859-X (where X is 1 to 16), EUC-JP, EUC-CN, EUC-KR, EUC-TW, Big5, Shift_JIS, and so forth. If MIME_STRICT_CHARSET is defined at the compile time, text in charset other than the value of this parameter is considered not displayable and represented as '?'. Otherwise, all character sets are regarded as compatible with the display. If it's not set, the value of the environment variable $MM_CHARSET is used. US-ASCII or compile-time default is used in case neither of them is defined. If your system supports iconv(3), this option is disabled and you should use mm_network_charset instead.

MM_NETWORK_CHARSET (mm_network_charset)

Charset used for posting and MIME headers; replaces mm_charset. Conversion between mm_network_charset and local charset (determined via nl_langinfo(3)) is done via iconv(3), if this function is not available on your system this option is disabled and you have to use mm_charset instead. mm_network_charset is limited to one of the following charsets: US-ASCII, ISO-8859-{1,2,3,4,5,7,9,10,13,14,15,16}, KOI8-{R,U,RU} EUC-{CN,JP,KR,TW}, ISO-2022-{CN,CN-EXT,JP,JP-1,JP-2,KR}, UTF-8 Not all values might work on your system, see iconv_open(3) for more details. If it's not set, the value of the environment variable $MM_CHARSET is used. US-ASCII or compile-time default is used in case neither of them is defined.

newnews

These are internal timers used by tin to keep track of new newsgroups. Do not change them unless you understand what they are for.

Display these header fields (or *) (news_headers_to_display)

Which news headers you wish to see. If you want to see _all_ the headers, place an '*' as this value. This is the only way a wildcard can be used. If you enter 'X-' as the value, you will see all headers beginning with 'X-' (like X-Alan or X-Pape). You can list more than one by delimiting with spaces. Not defining anything turns off this option.

Do not display these header fields (news_headers_to_not_display)

Same as news_headers_to_display except it denotes the opposite. An example of using both options might be if you thought X- headers were A Good Thing(tm), but thought Alan and Pape were miscreants... well then you would do something like this: news_headers_to_display=X- news_headers_to_not_display=X-Alan X-Pape Not defining anything turns off this option.

Quote line when following up (news_quote_format)

Format of quote line when posting/following up an article (%A=Address, %D=Date, %F=Fullname+Address, %G=Groupname, %M=Message-Id, %N=Fullname, %C=Firstname, %I=Initials). Default is "%F wrote:"

PgDn goes to next unread article at end of article (pgdn_goto_next)

If ON the Page Down keys will go to the next unread article when pressed at the end of a message. Default is ON.

Goto first unread article in group (pos_first_unread)

If ON put cursor at first unread article in group otherwise at last article. Default is ON.

Use 8bit characters in news headers (post_8bit_header)

Allows 8bit characters unencoded in the header of news article. Default is OFF. Only enacted if post_mime_encoding is also set to 8bit. In a number of local hierarchies where 8bit characters are used, using unencoded (raw) 8bit characters in header is acceptable and sometimes even recommended so that you need to check the convention adopted in the local hierarchy of your interest to determine what to do with this and post_mime_encoding.

MIME encoding in news messages (post_mime_encoding)

MIME encoding of the body in news message, if necessary. (8bit, base64, quoted-printable, 7bit) Default is 8bit, which leads to no encoding (or charset conversion, i.e., local charset is posted as it is). If set to 7bit, Chinese and Japanese text (in 8bit encodings such as EUC-CN, EUC-TW, EUC-JP, Shift_JIS, Big5) is supposed to be converted into ISO-2022-CN/JP, but it's NOT yet implemented. Therefore, currently 7bit has NO effect (i.e. equivalent to 8bit) whatever MIME charset/encoding is chosen. base64 and quoted-printable are usualy undesired on usenet.

post_process_view

If ON, then tin will start an appropriate viewer program to display any files that were post processed and uudecoded. The program is determined using the mailcap file. Default is ON.

Post process saved art/thread with (post_process_type)

This specifies the default type of post processing to perform on saved articles. The following types of processing are allowed:
---none.
---unpacking of multi-part shar files (shell archives).
---unpacking of multi-part uuencoded files.

Print all headers when printing (print_header)

If ON, then the full article header is sent to the printer. Otherwise only the ''Subject:'' and ''From:'' fields are output. Default is OFF.

Process only unread articles (process_only_unread)

If ON only save/print/pipe/mail unread articles (tagged articles excepted). Default is OFF.

Show empty Followup-To in editor (prompt_followupto)

If ON show empty Followup-To header when editing an article. Default is OFF.

Characters used as quote-marks (quote_chars)

The character used in quoting included text to article followups and mail replies. The '_' character represents a blank character and is replaced with ' ' when read. Default is '>_'.

Quote empty lines (quote_empty_lines)

If ON quote empty lines, too. Default is ON.

Expression for highlighting quoted text (quote_regex)

A regular expression that will be applied when reading articles. All matching lines are shown in col_quote. If quote_regex is blank, then tin uses a built in default for this.

Expression for highlighting twice quoted text (quote_regex2)

A regular expression that will be applied when reading articles. All matching lines are shown in col_quote2. If quote_regex2 is blank, then tin uses a built in default for this.

Expression for highlighting =>3 times quoted text (quote_regex3)

A regular expression that will be applied when reading articles. All matching lines are shown in col_quote3. If quote_regex3 is blank, then tin uses a built in default for this.

Quote signatures (quote_signatures)

If ON quote signatures, too. Default is OFF.

Interval in secs to reread active (reread_active_file_secs)

The news ${TIN_LIBDIR-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE-active} file is reread at regular intervals to show if any new news has arrived. Default is 1200. Setting this to 0 will disable this feature.

Number of lines to scroll in article pager (scroll_lines)

The number of lines that will be scrolled up/down in the article pager when using cursor-up/down. The default is 1 (line-by-line). Set to to 0 to get traditional tin page-by-page scrolling. Set to -1 to get page-by-page scrolling where the top/bottom line is carried over onto the next page. This setting supercedes show_last_line_prev_page=ON. Set to -2 to get half-page scrolling. This setting supercedes full_page_scroll=OFF.

In group menu, show author by (show_author)

---None (0) only the ''Subject:'' line will be displayed.
---Addr (1) ''Subject:'' line & the address part of the ''From:'' line are displayed.
---Name (2) ''Subject:'' line & the authors full name part of the ''From:'' line are displayed.
---Both (3) ''Subject:'' line & all of the ''From:'' line are displayed. Default is 2, authors full name.

Show description of each newsgroup (show_description)

If ON show a short group description text after newsgroup name at the group selection level. The ''-d'' command-line flag will override the setting and turn descriptions off. The text used is taken from the ${TIN_LIBDIR-NEWSLIBDIR}/newsgroups file. Default is ON.

Show no. of lines in thread listing (show_lines)

Show number of lines of first unread article in thread listing. Default is ON.

Show only unread articles (show_only_unread_arts)

If ON show only new/unread articles otherwise show all articles. Default is ON.

Show only groups with unread articles (show_only_unread_groups)

If ON show only subscribed to groups that contain unread articles. Default is OFF.

Show score of article in listing (show_score)

Default is OFF.

Display signatures (show_signatures)

If OFF don't show signatures when displaying articles. Default is ON.

Prepend signature with '\n-- \n' (sigdashes)

If ON prepend the signature with sigdashes. Default is ON.

Add signature when reposting (signature_repost)

If ON add signature to reposted articles. Default is ON.

Sort articles by (sort_article_type)

This specifies how articles should be sorted. The following sort types are allowed:
---don't sort articles (none=0).
---sort articles by ''Subject:'' field (descending=1 & ascending=2).
---sort articles by ''From:'' field (descending=3 & ascending=4).
---sort articles by ''Date:'' field (descending=5 & ascending=6).
---sort articles by filtering score (descending=7 & ascending=8). Sort by ascending Date (6) is the default.

Sort threads by (sort_threads_type)

This specifies how threads will be sorted. The following sort types are allowed:
---don't sort threads (none=0).
---sort threads by filtering score (descending=1 & ascending=2). Sort by descending Score (1) is the default.

Spamtrap warning address parts (spamtrap_warning_addresses)

Set this option to a list of comma-separated strings to be warned if you are replying to an article by mail where the e-mail address contains one of these strings. The matching is case-insensitive. Example:

spam,delete,remove

Space goes to next unread article (space_goto_next_unread)

<SPACE> normally acts as a Page Down key and has no effect at the end of an article. If this option is turned ON the <SPACE> command will go to the next unread article when the end of the article is reached (rn-style pager). Default is OFF.

Start editor with line offset (start_editor_offset)

Set ON if the editor used for posting, follow-ups and bug reports has the capability of starting and positioning the cursor at a specified line within a file. Default is ON.

Strip blanks of end of lines (strip_blanks)

Strips the blanks from the end of each line therefore speeding up the display when reading on a slow terminal or via modem. Default is ON.

Remove bogus groups from newsrc (strip_bogus)

Bogus groups are groups that are present in your ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc file that no longer exist on the news server. There are 3 options. 0 means do nothing & always keep bogus groups. 1 means bogus groups will be permanently removed. 2 means that bogus groups will appear on the Group Selection Menu, prefixed with a 'D'. This allows you to unsubscribe from them as and when you wish. Default is 0 (Always Keep).

No unsubscribed groups in newsrc (strip_newsrc)

If ON, then unsubscribed groups will be permanently removed from your ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.newsrc file. Default is OFF.

Do tab after X automatically (tab_after_X_selection)

If enabled will automatically go to the first unread article after having selected all hot articles and threads with the 'X' command at Group level. Default is OFF.

Tab goes to next unread article (tab_goto_next_unread)

If enabled pressing '<TAB>' at the Article level will go to the next unread article immediately instead of first paging through the current one. Default is ON.

Decode German style TeX umlaut codes to ISO (tex2iso_conv)

If ON, show "a as Umlaut-a, etc. Default is OFF. This behaviour can also be toggled in the article viewer via '"'.

Thread articles by (thread_articles)

Defines which threading method to use. The choices are:
---Don't thread (0)
---Thread on Subject only (1)
---Thread on References only (2)
---Thread on References then Subject (3, default)
---Thread multipart articles on Subject (4) It's also possible to set the threading type on a per group basis by setting the group attribute variable thread_arts to 0 - 4 in the file ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/attributes. (See also "GROUP ATTRIBUTES".)

Catchup thread by using left key (thread_catchup_on_exit)

If ON catchup group/thread when leaving with the left arrow key. Default is ON.

Transliteration (translit)

If ON append //TRANSLIT to the first argument of iconv_open(3) to enable transliteration. This means that when a character cannot be represented in the target character set, it can be approximated through one or several similarly looking characters. On systems where this extension doesn't exist, this option is disabled. Default is OFF.

Remove ~/.article after posting (unlink_article)

If ON remove ~/.article after posting. Default is ON.

Program that opens URL's (url_handler)

The program that will be run when launching URL's in the article viewer using 'U'. The actual URL will be appended to this. Default is url_handler.sh %s.

Limit number of articles fetched from server (use_getart_limit)

If enabled tin fetches max. getart_limit articles/group from the server. Default is OFF.

Use ANSI color (use_color)

If enabled tin uses ANSI-colors. Default is OFF.

Use scroll keys on keypad (use_keypad)

Default is OFF.

Use interactive mail reader (use_mailreader_i)

Interactive mailreader: if ON mailreader will be invoked earlier for reply so you can use more of its features (eg. MIME, pgp, ...) this option has to suit default_mailer_format. Default is OFF.

Use metamail upon MIME articles (use_metamail)

If ON metamail can/will be used to display MIME articles. Default is OFF.

Use mouse in xterm (use_mouse)

Allows the mouse key support in a xterm(1x) to be enabled/disabled. Default is OFF.

Wildcard matching (wildcard)

Allows you to select how tin matches strings. The default is 0 and uses the wildmat notation, which is how this has traditionally been handled. Setting this to 1 allows you to use perl(1) compatible regular expressions pcre(3) (see also perlre(1)). You will probably want to update your filter file if you use this regularly. NB: Newsgroup names will always be matched using the wildmat notation.

What to display instead of mark (word_h_display_marks)

Should the leading and ending stars and dashes also be displayed, even when they are highlighting marks? 0 - no 1 - yes, display mark 2 - print a space instead 3 - print a space, but only in signatures

Word highlighting in message body (word_highlight)

Enable word highlighting. See word_h_display_marks for the options available is this is enabled. Default is ON.

Quote line when cross-posting (xpost_quote_format)

Format is the same as for news_quote_format, this is used when answering to a crossposting to several groups with no ''Followup-To:'' set

GROUP ATTRIBUTES

Note that the scope=<grouplist> line has to be specified before the attributes are specified for that list. All attributes are set to a reasonable default so you only have to specify the attribute that you want to change (i.e., savedir). All toggle attributes are set by specifying ON/OFF. Otherwise, these function exactly the same as their global equivalents. For more details see tin(5).  

FILTERING ARTICLES

When tin starts up the user's killfile ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/filter /see also tin(5)) is read. Each time a newsgroup is entered the rules are applied and articles killed or selected when they meet certain criteria.

The degree to which rules are applied depend on the kill_level tinrc setting. By default killed articles will only be marked read. Adjust kill_level for more aggressive processing. Articles that match an auto-selection rule are marked with a ''*''.

Filtering rules can be manually entered into ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/filter (but don't do this whilst running tin else you will lose your changes) or by using an on screen menu within tin.

The filtering capabilities of tin have been significantly enhanced over previous versions to include scoring and better pattern matching. It is recommended that you read the file filtering in the tin documentation directory.

The on screen filtering menu is accessed by pressing '^K' at the Group and Article levels. It allows the user to kill or select an article that matches the current ''Subject:'' line, ''From:'' line or a string entered by the user. The user entered string can be applied to the ''Subject:'' or ''From:'' lines of an article. The kill description can be limited to the current newsgroup or it can apply to all newsgroups. Once entered the user can abort the command and not save the kill description, edit the kill file or save the kill description.  

POSTING ARTICLES

Use the 'w' command to post an article to a newsgroup. After entering the post subject the default editor (i.e., vi(1)) or the editor specified by the $VISUAL or $EDITOR environment variable will be started and the article can be entered. To crosspost articles simply add a comma and the name of the newsgroup(s) to the end of the ''Newsgroups:'' line at the beginning of the article. After saving and exiting the editor you are asked if you wish to a)bort posting the article, e)dit the article again or p)ost the article to the specified newsgroup(s).

Use the 'W' command to display a history of the articles you have posted. The date the article was posted, which newsgroups the article was posted to and the articles subject line are displayed.

Use the 'f' / 'F' / '^W' command to post a follow-up article to an already posted article. The 'f' command will copy the text of the original article into the editor. The '^W' command will copy the text and all headers of the original article into the editor. The editing procedure is the same as when posting an article with the 'w' command.

Use the 'r' / 'R' / '^E' command to reply direct through mail to the author of an already posted article. The 'r' command will copy the text of the original article into the editor. The '^E' command will copy the text and all headers of the original article into the editor. The editing procedure is the same as when posting an article with the 'w' command. After saving and exiting the editor you are asked if you wish to 'a'bort sending the article, 'e'dit the article again or 's'end the article to the author.  

CUSTOMIZING THE ARTICLE QUOTE STRING

%A  Address (Email)
%D  Date
%F  Full address (%N <%A>)
%G  Groupname
%M  Message-ID
%N  Fullname of author
%C        Firstname of author
%I        Initials of author

mail_quote_format=On %D in %G you wrote:
news_quote_format=In %M, %F wrote:

On 21 Jul 1992 09:45:51 -0400 in alt.sources you wrote:
In <[email protected]>, Iain Lea <[email protected]> wrote:

MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES

Auto-saving with 'S' is a special case and operates only on tagged articles. They will processed without any further prompting according to the default save parameters defined in tinrc or by any attributes set for the current group.

Otherwise, the initial prompt will ask you to select which 'a'rticle, t'hread, 'h'ot (auto-selected) 'r'egex pattern, 't'agged articles you wish to mail, pipe etc.

Tagged articles must have already been tagged with the 't' command. All tagged articles can be untagged by the 'U' untag command.

If a regex pattern is selected you are asked to enter a pattern (i.e., to match all articles subject lines containing 'net News' you enter "net News"). Any articles that match the entered expression will be mailed, piped etc. See also the wildcard tinrc variable for advanced pattern matching options.

Various expansion characters are recognised when entering the directory and file to save to. Environment variables (prefixed with '$') and user home directories (prefixed by '~' or '~username') can be specified. Environment variables can themselves contain other special characters

To save articles to a mailbox enter '=<mailbox name>' when asked for the save filename. If you enter just '=' then articles will be saved to a mailbox with the name of the current newsgroup (eg, alt.sources). See default_maildir.

To save in savedir/<news.group.name>/<filename> format enter '+<filename>'. Environment variables are allowed within a filename (i.e., $SOURCES/dir/filename). See default_savedir.

When saving articles you can specify whether the saved files should be post processed (i.e., unshar(1) shell archive, uudecode(1) multiple parts etc). A default process type can be set by the 'Process type:' in the 'M' options menu.  

AUTOMATIC MAILING AND SAVING NEW NEWS

If you only want to save some of your groups use the batch_save tinrc variable. Set to ON or OFF in tinrc to enable/disable saving of all groups and then use the batch_save attribute to fine tune which groups you want to have saved. For example, if you want to save most of your groups, then set batch_save to ON in tinrc and selectively turn off the ones you don't want using attributes.

tin -M iain -c -f newsrc.mail

(mail any unread articles in newsgroups specified in file newsrc.mail and mark them as read)

tin -S -c -f newsrc.save

(save any unread articles in newsgroups specified in file newsrc.save and mark them as read)

tin -R

(read any articles saved by tin -S)

RANGES

NEWSGROUP LISTS & WILDCARDS

alt.config news.*,!news.test

Matches alt.config and everything in the 'news' hierarchy except news.test

See the explanation for the $AUTOSUBSCRIBE variables for further examples.  

SIGNATURES

A signature in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.Sig will be pulled into the editor for both posting and mailing commands.

The following is an example of a .Sig file:

NAMES  Iain Lea    [email protected]
SNAIL  Bruecken Str 12, 90419 Nuernberg 90, Germany

tin also has the capability to generate random signatures on a per newsgroup basis if so desired. The way to accomplish this is to specify the default signature or the group attribute sigfile as a directory. If for example the sigfile path is /usr/iain/.sigs and .sigs is a directory then tin will select a random signature from any file that is in the directory .sigs (note: one signature per numbered file). A random signature can also consist of a fixed part signature that can contain your name, address etc. followed by the random sig. The fixed part of the random sig is read from the file $HOME/.sigfixed.  

TIPS AND TRICKS

The following newsgroups provide useful information concerning news software:
---news.software.readers (info. about news user agents tin, rn, nn, slrn etc.)
---news.software.nntp (info. about NNTP)
---news.answers (Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about many different themes)

Many prompts (i.e., 'Mark everything as read? (y/n): y') within tin offer a default choice that the cursor is positioned on. By pressing '<CR>' the default value is taken.

Many prompts (i.e., 'Post subject []>') within tin can be aborted by pressing '<ESC>'.

When tin is run in an xterm(1x) it will resize itself each time the xterm(1x) is resized.

tin will reread the ${TIN_LIBDIR-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE-active} file at set intervals to show any newly arrived news.

If you find large number of New newsgroups cluttering up your screen, pressing 'r' will make them go away.  

XTERM BUTTONS

In general (i.e., for the group, thread and article menus),

Button1 (left)

enters next (lower) level if you click on a article, otherwise pages down.

Button2 (centre)

returns to the previous (upper) level if you click on a article, otherwise pages up.

Button3 (right)

positions on the article line under mouse cursor, or pages down if you've clicked outside the list of articles.

In the group selection menu, if the mouse is pointing at a group then:

left button

moves to and selects the group pointed at, just like '<CR>'.

centre button

quits the program, just like 'q'.

right button

moves to the group pointed at.

In the article menu, if the mouse is pointing at an article (or thread) then:

left button

reads the article pointed at, just like '<CR>', or the thread, just like 'l'.

centre button

exits the menu, catching up on the group if you have group_catchup_on_exit set in your configuration, just like 'q'.

right button

moves to the article (or thread) pointed at.

In the thread menu, if the mouse is pointing at an article then:

left button

reads article pointed at, just like '<CR>'.

centre button

exits the menu, catching up on the thread if you have thread_catchup_on_exit set in your configuration, just like 'q'.

right button

moves to the article pointed at.

In other menus and areas button pressing reverts back to usual cut and paste of xterm(1x), but after one click of any button.  

INDEX FILES

If your news server doesn't support NOV index files, tin will maintain an index for each newsgroup. Each user creates/updates his/her own index files that are stored in ${TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR-"${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin"}/.news. A good way to keep index files updated is by doing a tin -U that will update index files in the background while you are reading news in the foreground. You can also update index files via the system batcher cron(1) with the ''-u'' option:

30 6 * * * /usr/local/bin/tin -u

Entering a group the first time tends to be slow because the index file must be built from scratch. To alleviate the slowness start tin to create all index files for the groups you subscribe to with tin -u -v and go for a coffee. Subsequent readings of a group will cause incremental updating of the index file.

If reading news remotely and updating index files locally, operation will be somewhat slower because the articles must be retrieved from the NNTP server.  

FILES

$MAILCAPS
${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.mailcap
/etc/mailcap
/usr/etc/mailcap
/usr/local/etc/mailcap
/etc/mail/mailcap

/etc/nntpserver

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.cancelsecret

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.mime.types
/etc/mime.types
/etc/tin/mime.types

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.newsauth

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.newsrc

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.oldnewsrc

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.signature
${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.Sig

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.sigfixed

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin/.inputhistory

${TIN_INDEX_MAILDIR-${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin}/.mail/

${TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR-${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin}/.news/

${TIN_INDEX_SAVEDIR-${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin}/.save/

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin/active.mail

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin/active.save

${TIN_LIBDIR-/news/etc}/attributes
${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin/attributes

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin/filter

/etc/tin/keymap
${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin/keymap${${LC_ALL-${LC_CTYPE-${LC_MESSAGES-$LANG}}}:+.${LC_ALL-${LC_CTYPE-${LC_MESSAGES-$LANG}}}}

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin/newsrctable

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin/posted

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/Mail/posted

${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin/postponed.articles

${TIN_LIBDIR-/news/etc}/tinrc
${TIN_HOMEDIR-$HOME}/.tin/tinrc

/etc/tin/tin.defaults

/usr/local/share/locale/${LC_MESSAGES}/LC_MESSAGES/tin.mo

${TIN_LIBDIR-/news/db}/${TIN_ACTIVEFILE-active}

${TIN_LIBDIR-/news/db}/active.times

${TIN_LIBDIR-/news/db}/newsgroups

${TIN_LIBDIR-/news/db}/overview.fmt

${TIN_LIBDIR-/news/db}/subscriptions

ENVIRONMENT

TINRC

Define this variable if you want to specify command line options that tin should be started with to save typing them each time it is started. The contents of the environment variable are added to the front of the command line options before it is parsed therefore allowing an option specified on the command line to override the same option specified in the environment.

TIN_HOMEDIR

Define this variable if you do not want the .tin directory in $HOME/. (i.e., if you want all tin's private files in /tmp/.tin you would set $TIN_HOMEDIR to /tmp.

TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR

Define this variable if you do not want the .news directory in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/. (i.e., if you want all tin's news index files in /tmp/.news you would set $TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR to /tmp.

TIN_INDEX_MAILDIR

Define this variable if you do not want the .mail directory in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/. (i.e., if you want all tin's mail index files in /tmp/.mail you would set $TIN_INDEX_MAILDIR to /tmp.

TIN_INDEX_SAVEDIR

Define this variable if you do not want the .save directory in ${TIN_HOMEDIR-"$HOME"}/.tin/. (i.e., if you want all tin's save index files in /tmp/.save you would set $TIN_INDEX_SAVEDIR to /tmp.

TIN_LIBDIR

Define this variable if you want to override the NEWSLIBDIR path that was compiled into the tin binary via the Makefile. If tin is running in NNTP mode setting this variable has no effect.

TIN_SPOOLDIR

Define this variable if you want to override the SPOOLDIR path that was compiled into the tin binary via the Makefile. If tin is running in NNTP mode setting this variable has no effect.

TIN_NOVROOTDIR

Define this variable if you want to override the NOVROOTDIR path that was compiled into the tin binary via the Makefile. If tin is running in NNTP mode setting this variable has no effect.

TIN_ACTIVEFILE

Define this variable if you want to override the NEWSLIBDIR/active path that was compiled into the tin binary via the Makefile. If tin is running in NNTP mode setting this variable has no effect. If $TIN_LIBDIR is set it prepended to $TIN_ACTIVEFILE.

NNTPSERVER

The default NNTP server to remotely read news from. This variable only needs to be set if the ''-r'' command line option is specified and the file /etc/nntpserver does not exist. The ''-g'' command line option overrides $NNTPSERVER.

NNTPPORT

The NNTP TCP-port to read news from. This variable only needs to be set if the the TCP-port is not the default 119. The ''-p'' command line option overrides $NNTPPORT.

DISTRIBUTION

Set the article header field ''Distribution:'' to the contents of the variable instead of the system default.

ISO2ASC

Set the ISO to ASCII charset decoding table character to use in decoding an articles text. Values can range from 0 to 6.

BUG_ADDRESS

Set the address to which bug reports are mailed to to the contents of the variable instead of the system default. Its usage is undesired, use bugaddress in tin.defaults instead.

ORGANIZATION

Set the article header field ''Organization:'' to the contents of the variable instead of the system default. If reading news on an Apollo DomainOS machine the environment variable $NEWSORG has to be used instead of $ORGANIZATION.

REPLYTO

Set the article header field ''Reply-To:'' to the return address specified by the variable. This is useful if you wish to receive replies at a different address.

NAME

Overrides the fullname given in the gecos-files in /etc/passwd, see also mail_address.

HOME

Pathname of the user's home directory. See environ(5) for more infos.

MAILER

This variable has precedence over the default mailer that is used in all mailing operations within tin. If reading news on AmigaOS use $TIN_MAIL, if reading news on VMS use TIN_MAILER instead.

VISUAL

This variable has precedence over the default editor (i.e., vi(1)) that is used in all editing operations within tin (i.e., posting 'w', replying 'r', follow-ups 'f', ...). Evaluation order is ${VISUAL-"${EDITOR-vi}"}. See environ(5) for more infos.

EDITOR

If $VISUAL is unset, then this variable is looked up for a default editor. If $EDITOR and $VISUAL are both unset, tin will uses the systems default editor (i.e. vi(1)) on UNIX-systems). See environ(5) for more infos.

AUTOSUBSCRIBE

A new group is checked against the list of patterns; if it matches, tin subscribes the user to the group without further query. See the section "NEWSGROUP LISTS & WILDCARDS" for an explanation of the valid syntax. For example, setting

AUTOSUBSCRIBE=comp.os.unix.*,talk.*,!talk.politics.*

will automatically subscribe the user to all new groups in the comp.os.unix hierarchy, and all talk groups other than talk.politics groups (which will be queried for as usual).

AUTOUNSUBSCRIBE

Is handled like the $AUTOSUBSCRIBE variable, but groups matching the list are unsubscribed from without further query. For example, setting

AUTOUNSUBSCRIBE=alt.flame.*,u*,!uk.*

will automatically unsubscribe the user from all new alt.flame groups and all groups starting with u (university groups) other than UK groups (which will be queried for as usual).

MAILCAPS

This variable can be used to override the default path search for mailcap files. See also tin(5).

METAMAIL

Set this variable to point to metamail(1) or a replacement (i.e. metamutt), if set to "(internal)" tin uses it's own mime-parser.

MM_CHARSET

ISPELL

Set this variable to point to ispell(1) or a replacement and it's cmd-line options.

PGPOPTS

Define any additional options that you wish to pass to your pgp(1) or gpg(1) program

PGPPATH

Override the name of the pgp(1) directory in $HOME that holds your keys etc..

GNUPGHOME

Override the name of the gpg(1) directory in $HOME that holds your keys etc..

LC_CTYPE

This variable determines the locale(5) category for character handling functions. Usually it determines the character classes for pattern matching character classification and case conversion. Currently this is not true for tin (which temporary unsets $LC_CTYPE right before any match is done to avoid confusion). It's value should be of the from language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier]. See environ(5) for more infos.

LC_MESSAGES

Formats of informative and diagnostic messages and interactive responses. It's value should be of the from language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier]. See locale(5) and environ(5) for more infos.

LC_ALL

This variable overrides the value of the $LANG variable and any other $LC_ variable. It's value should be of the from language[_territory][.codeset]. See locale(5) and environ(5) for more infos.

LANG

This variable determines the locale(5) category for any category not specifically selected with a variable starting with $LC_. It's value should be of the from language[_territory][.codeset]. See environ(5) for more infos.

COLUMNS

A decimal integer > 0 used to indicate the user's preferred width in column positions for the terminal screen or window. If this variable is unset or null, the implementation determines the number of columns, appropriate for the terminal or window. When $COLUMNS is set, any terminal-width information implied by $TERM will be overridden. Users and portable applications should not set $COLUMNS unless they wish to override the system selection and produce output unrelated to the terminal characteristics.

LINES

A decimal integer > 0 used to indicate the user's preferred number of lines on a page or the vertical screen or window size in lines. A line in this case is a vertical measure large enough to hold the tallest character in the character set being displayed. If this variable is unset or null, the implementation determines the number of lines, appropriate for the terminal or window. When $LINES is set, any terminal-height information implied by $TERM will be overridden. Users and portable applications should not set $LINES unless they wish to override the system selection.

TERM

The type of terminal in use. This is used when looking up termcap sequences. See environ(5) for more infos.

CONFORMING TO

NOTES

BUGS

HISTORY

CREDITS

Rich Skrenta

author of tass(1) v3.2 which this newsreader used as its base.

Bill Davidsen

author of envarg.c environment variable reading routine.

Mike Gleason

author of sigfile.c random signature generation routines.

Markus Kuhn <[email protected]>

author of langinfo.c, charset.c and iso2asc.txt ISO-8859-1 documentation.

Arnold Robbins

author of strftime.c date formatting routine.

Jim Robinson

co-author of original kill.c article kill and auto-selection routines.

Rich Salz

author of wildmat.c pattern matching and parsdate.y date parsing routines.

Dave Taylor

author of curses.c from the elm(1) mailreader.

Chris Thewalt

author of getline.c emacs(1) style editing routine.

Steven Madsen

for adding pgp(1) (Pretty Good Privacy) support.

Philip Hazel <[email protected]>

for pcre(3) (Perl-compatible regular expression library).

Patrick Powell <[email protected]>

for snprintf(3) and vsnprintf(3) fallbacks.

Mark Tomlinson

for originally porting tin to the AmigaOS operating system.

Andreas Wrede

for originally porting tin to the OS/2 operating system.

Nigel Ellis & Piers Haken

for originally porting tin to the Windows/NT operating system.

Andrew Greer

for originally porting tin to the VAX/VMS operating system.

I wish to thank the following people for supplying patches:

David Abbott, Earle Ake, Orbby S. Arka, Joachim Astel, Anton Aylward, Mark Ayzenshteyn, Jens Chr. Bachem, George Baltz, Dieter Baron, Volker Barthelmann, Kirk Bauer, Paul Bauwens, Dieter Becker, Wolfgang Behrens, Fabrice Bellet, Greg Berigan, Enrik Berkhan, Juergen Bernau, Dan Berry, Michael Bienia, David Binderman, Andrey Blochintsev, Chris Blum, Fokke de Boer, Andreas Borchert, Sebastian Bork, Mark Boucher, Robert Brady, Bill Brolik, Herman ten Brugge, Martin Buck, Jeremy Buhler, Leila Burrell-Davis, Sean Casey, Peter Castro, Troy Cauble, Andrey A. Chernov, Albert Chin-A-Young, Park Chong-Dae, Tan Kwee Chuan, Boleslaw Ciesielski, Robert Claeson, Steven Cogswell, Don Costello, Bryan Curnutt, Ned Danieley, Lars Dannenberg, Chris Davies, John Davis, Borislav Deianov, Thomas E. Dickey, Olaf Dietrich, Herbert Martin Dietze, Theo Van Dinter, Ralf Doeblitz, Bryan Dongray, Michael Douglass, Nickolay Dudorov, Craig Durland, Bernd Eckenfels, Phil Edge, Kirk Edson, Nick Efthymiou, Stefan Elf, L. Scott Emmons, Rob Engle, Olle Eriksson, Brent Ermlick, Bernd Ernesti, Ragnar Hojland Espinosa, Jason Faultless, Michael Faurot, Werner Fleck, John M. Flinchbaugh, Andy Gabor, Torsten Gesang, Ruediger Geys, Callum Gibson, Mike Glendinning, Igor Goryachev, Philippe Goujard, Dan Greenspan, Karlo Gross, Carl Hage, Paul Halsema, Ed Hanway, Scott Hauck, Christian Haul, James Hawtin, Per Headland, Arnold Hendriks, Daniel Hermans, Jose Herrero, Dave Hill, Tom Hite, Torsten Homeyer, Ulli Horlacher, Keith Howell, Tommy Hsieh, Shih-Kun Huang, Steve Hunt, Jeff Hurwitt, Jeon Hyoung-Jo, Pieter Immelman, Jarkko Isokungas, Patrick St. Jean, Hal Jespersen, Park Sang Jin, Robbin Johnson, Jarkko Jormanainen, Yury July, Nelson Kading, Geoffrey Keating, Karsten Keil, Charles S. Kerr, Fritz Kleeman, Andreas Kies, Janne Kiviluoto, Tomasz Kloczko, Dwarven Knight, Thomas Koenig, Karl-Koenig Koenigsson, Martin Kraemer, Gerald Krause, Thomas Kroener, Florian Kuehnert, Bernd Kuemmerlen, Kris Kugel, Stephan Kulow, Manoj Kumar, Dawid Kuroczko, Yuri Kuzmenko, Olivier Lacroix, Geoff Lane, Alex Lange, Alain Lasserre, Stanislav Latishko, Hannu Laurila, Vincent Lefevre, Alexander Lehmann, Marty Leisner, Thomas Leitner, Hakan Lennestal, Kevin Lentin, Chua Choon Leong, Chris Lewis, Andreas Ley, David-Michael Lincke, Otto Lind, Richard Lloyd, Florian Lohoff, Reinhard Luebke, Clifford Luke, Michael Lupp, David MacKenzie, Hugh Mahon, Giuseppe De Marco, Scott Marovich, Dmitri A. Martynoff, Kazushi Marukawa, Timur Maryin, William McBrine, Owen Medd, Philipp Mergenthaler, Andreas Metzler, Arkadiusz Miskiewicz, Soren Moller, Bruce Momjian, Sergio Morales, Michael Morrell, Klaus Mueller, Mike Muise, Udo Munk, John R. Myers, Daniel Naber, Torsten Neumann, Dirk Nimmich, James Nugen, David E. O'Brien, Michael O'Reilly, Oleg Ohotnikov, Ronald Orr, Julien Oster, Guido Ostkamp, Philip Paeps, Jeb Palmer, Neil Parker, Joseph Parmelee, Tom Parry, Jim Patterson, Sven Paulus, Walter Pelissero, Cameron Perkins, Colin Perkins, Eric Peterson, Tim Pierce, Bill Poitras, Scott W. Powers, Wolfgang Prediger, GianPiero Puccioni, Thomas Quinot, Stefan Rapp, Martin Reising, Kyle Rhorer, Ted Richards, Steve Robbins, Ollivier Robert, Branden Robinson, Jim Robinson, Thomas Roessler, Erik van Roode, Meelis Roos, Stephen Roseman, Roland Rosenfeld, Peter Van Rossem, Clifton Royston, Rich Salz, Gary Sanders, Nickolay Saukh, John Sauter, Christopher Sawtell, Holger Schif, Volker Schmidt, John Schmitz, Torsten Schneider, Stefan Scholl, Rainer Scholz, Juergen Schroeder, Larry Schwimmer, Randy Scott, Bart Sears, Karl-Olav Serrander, Doug Sewell, Philip Shearer, Jungshik Shin, Sergey Shkonda, Andreas Siegert, Mark Smith, Toomas Soome, Steve Spearman, Helmut Springer, Cliff Stanford, Steve Starck, Jason Steiner, Ralf Stephan, Michael Stenns, Helmrich Streitmatter, Hans Werner Strube, Dieter Stueken, Ed Sznyter, Dean Takemori, Darrell Tangman, Derek Terveer, Carsten Theis, Julian Thompson, David Tiller, Andry Timonin, Mark Tomlin, Michael Traub, Mark Trumbull, Alex Vasylenko, Adri Verhoef, Paul Vickers, Oliver B. Warzecha, Jason Wessel, Cary Whitney, Henrik Wist, Greg Woods, Lloyd Wright, Jens Wuepper, Billy Y., Hideaki Yoshfuji, Nickolai Zeldovich, Zbigniew Zych  

AUTHOR

Iain Lea <[email protected]>

MAINTAINER

Urs Janssen <[email protected]>

SEE ALSO

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXIT STATUS

OPTIONS

USAGE

NEWS ADMINISTRATION

SCREEN FORMAT

COMMON MOVING KEYS

COMMON EDITING COMMANDS

GLOBAL COMMANDS

NEWSGROUP SELECTION COMMANDS

GROUP INDEX COMMANDS

THREAD LISTING COMMANDS

ARTICLE VIEWER COMMANDS

GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES

GROUP ATTRIBUTES

FILTERING ARTICLES

POSTING ARTICLES

CUSTOMIZING THE ARTICLE QUOTE STRING

MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES

AUTOMATIC MAILING AND SAVING NEW NEWS

RANGES

NEWSGROUP LISTS & WILDCARDS

SIGNATURES

TIPS AND TRICKS

XTERM BUTTONS

INDEX FILES

FILES

ENVIRONMENT

CONFORMING TO

NOTES

BUGS

HISTORY

CREDITS

AUTHOR

MAINTAINER

SEE ALSO

Партнёры:

Хостинг: