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Template::Tools::ttree - Process entire directory trees of templates
ttree [options] [files]
It supports a number of options which can be used to configure behaviour, define locations and set Template Toolkit options. The script first reads the .ttreerc configuration file in the HOME directory, or an alternative file specified in the TTREERC environment variable. Then, it processes any command line arguments, including any additional configuration files specified via the "-f" (file) option.
$ ttree
Do you want me to create a sample '.ttreerc' file for you?
(file: /home/abw/.ttreerc) [y/n]: y
/home/abw/.ttreerc created. Please edit accordingly and re-run ttree
The purpose of this file is to set any global configuration options that you want applied every time ttree is run. For example, you can use the "ignore" and "copy" option to provide regular expressions that specify which files should be ignored and which should be copied rather than being processed as templates. You may also want to set flags like "verbose" and "recurse" according to your preference.
A minimal .ttreerc:
# ignore these files
ignore = \b(CVS|RCS)\b
ignore = ^#
ignore = ~$
# copy these files
copy = \.(gif|png|jpg|pdf)$
# recurse into directories
recurse
# provide info about what's going on
verbose
In most cases, you'll want to create a different ttree configuration file for each project you're working on. The "cfg" option allows you to specify a directory where ttree can find further configuration files.
cfg = /home/abw/.ttree
The "-f" command line option can be used to specify which configuration file should be used. You can specify a filename using an absolute or relative path:
$ ttree -f /home/abw/web/example/etc/ttree.cfg
$ ttree -f ./etc/ttree.cfg
$ ttree -f ../etc/ttree.cfg
If the configuration file does not begin with "/" or "." or something that looks like a MS-DOS absolute path (e.g. "C:\\etc\\ttree.cfg") then ttree will look for it in the directory specified by the "cfg" option.
$ ttree -f test1 # /home/abw/.ttree/test1
The "cfg" option can only be used in the .ttreerc file. All the other options can be used in the .ttreerc or any other ttree configuration file. They can all also be specified as command line options.
Remember that .ttreerc is always processed before any configuration file specified with the "-f" option. Certain options like "lib" can be used any number of times and accumulate their values.
For example, consider the following configuration files:
/home/abw/.ttreerc:
cfg = /home/abw/.ttree
lib = /usr/local/tt2/templates
/home/abw/.ttree/myconfig:
lib = /home/abw/web/example/templates/lib
When ttree is invoked as follows:
$ ttree -f myconfig
the "lib" option will be set to the following directories:
/usr/local/tt2/templates
/home/abw/web/example/templates/lib
Any templates located under /usr/local/tt2/templates will be used in preference to those located under /home/abw/web/example/templates/lib. This may be what you want, but then again, it might not. For this reason, it is good practice to keep the .ttreerc as simple as possible and use different configuration files for each ttree project.
src = /home/abw/web/example/templates/src
Each template in this directory typically corresponds to a single web page or other document.
The "dest" option is used to specify the destination directory for the generated output.
dest = /home/abw/web/example/html
The "lib" option is used to define one or more directories containing additional library templates. These templates are not documents in their own right and typically comprise of smaller, modular components like headers, footers and menus that are incorporated into pages templates.
lib = /home/abw/web/example/templates/lib
lib = /usr/local/tt2/templates
The "lib" option can be used repeatedly to add further directories to the search path.
A list of templates can be passed to ttree as command line arguments.
$ ttree foo.html bar.html
It looks for these templates in the "src" directory and processes them through the Template Toolkit, using any additional template components from the "lib" directories. The generated output is then written to the corresponding file in the "dest" directory.
If ttree is invoked without explicitly specifying any templates to be processed then it will process every file in the "src" directory. If the "-r" (recurse) option is set then it will additionally iterate down through sub-directories and process and other template files it finds therein.
$ ttree -r
If a template has been processed previously, ttree will compare the modification times of the source and destination files. If the source template (or one it is dependant on) has not been modified more recently than the generated output file then ttree will not process it. The -a (all) option can be used to force ttree to process all files regardless of modification time.
$ tree -a
Any templates explicitly named as command line argument are always processed and the modification time checking is bypassed.
# ignore these files
ignore = \b(CVS|RCS)\b
ignore = ^#
ignore = ~$
# copy these files
copy = \.(gif|png|jpg|pdf)$
# accept only .tt2 templates
accept = \.tt2$
The "suffix" option is used to define mappings between the file extensions for source templates and the generated output files. The following example specifies that source templates with a ".tt2" suffix should be output as ".html" files:
suffix tt2=html
Or on the command line,
--suffix tt2=html
You can provide any number of different suffix mappings by repeating this option.
$ ttree --depend foo=bar,baz
This command line example shows the "--depend" option being used to specify that the foo file is dependant on the bar and baz templates. This option can be used many time on the command line:
$ ttree --depend foo=bar,baz --depend crash=bang,wallop
or in a configuration file:
depend foo=bar,baz depend crash=bang,wallop
The file appearing on the left of the "=" is specified relative to the "src" or "lib" directories. The file(s) appearing on the right can be specified relative to any of these directories or as absolute file paths.
For example:
$ ttree --depend foo=bar,/tmp/baz
To define a dependency that applies to all files, use "*" on the left of the "=".
$ ttree --depend *=header,footer
or in a configuration file:
depend *=header,footer
Any templates that are defined in the "pre_process", "post_process", "process" or "wrapper" options will automatically be added to the list of global dependencies that apply to all templates.
The "depend_file" option can be used to specify a file that contains dependency information.
$ ttree --depend_file=/home/abw/web/example/etc/ttree.dep
Here is an example of a dependency file:
# This is a comment. It is ignored.
index.html: header footer menubar
header: titlebar hotlinks
menubar: menuitem
# spanning multiple lines with the backslash another.html: header footer menubar \ sidebar searchform
Lines beginning with the "#" character are comments and are ignored. Blank lines are also ignored. All other lines should provide a filename followed by a colon and then a list of dependant files separated by whitespace, commas or both. Whitespace around the colon is also optional. Lines ending in the "\" character are continued onto the following line.
Files that contain spaces can be quoted. That is only necessary for files after the colon (':'). The file before the colon may be quoted if it contains a colon.
As with the command line options, the "*" character can be used as a wildcard to specify a dependency for all templates.
* : config,header
Run "ttree -h" for a summary of the options available.
<http://www.andywardley.com/|http://www.andywardley.com/>
With contributions from Dylan William Hardison (support for dependencies), Bryce Harrington ("absolute" and "relative" options), Mark Anderson ("suffix" and "debug" options), Harald Joerg and Leon Brocard who gets everywhere, it seems.
Copyright (C) 1996-2004 Andy Wardley. All Rights Reserved. Copyright (C) 1998-2002 Canon Research Centre Europe Ltd.
This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
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