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NAME
     etex, einitex, evirtex - extended TeX

SYNOPSIS
     etex [options] [commands]

DESCRIPTION
     This manual page is not meant to be  exhaustive.   The  com-
     plete  documentation for this version of TeX can be found in
     the info file or manual Web2C: A TeX implementation.

     e-TeX is the  first  concrete  result  of  an  international
     research  &  development project, the NTS Project, which was
     established under the aegis of DANTE e.V. during  1992.  The
     aims of the project are to perpetuate and develop the spirit
     and philosophy of TeX, whilst respecting Knuth's  wish  that
     TeX should remain frozen.

     e-TeX can be used in two different modes:  in  compatibility
     mode  it  is  supposed  to be completely interchangable with
     standard TeX.  In extended mode several new  primitives  are
     added  that  facilitate  (among  other things) bidirectional
     typesetting.

     An extended mode format is generated by prefixing  the  name
     of  the  source  file  for  the format with an asterisk (*).
     Such formats are often prefixed with an `e', hence  etex  as
     the  extended version of tex and elatex as the extended ver-
     sion of latex.  However, eplain  is  an  exception  to  this
     rule.

     The einitex and evirtex commands are  e-TeX's  analogues  to
     the  initex and virtex commands.  In this installation, they
     are symlinks to the etex executable.

     e-TeX's handling of its command-line arguments is similar to
     that of TeX.

OPTIONS
     This version of e-TeX understands the following command line
     options.

     --efmt format
          Use format as the  name  of  the  format  to  be  used,
          instead  of  the name by which e-TeX was called or a %&
          line.

     --help
          Print help message and exit.

     --ini
          Be einitex, for dumping  formats;  this  is  implicitly
          true if the program is called as einitex.

     --interaction mode
          Sets the interaction mode.  The  mode  can  be  one  of
          batchmode,  nonstopmode, scrollmode, and errorstopmode.
          The meaning of these modes is the same as that  of  the
          corresponding \commands.

     --ipc
          Send DVI output to a socket as well as the usual output
          file.   Whether  this option is available is the choice
          of the installer.

     --ipc-start
          As --ipc, and starts the server at  the  other  end  as
          well.   Whether  this option is available is the choice
          of the installer.

     --kpathsea-debug bitmask
          Sets path searching debugging flags  according  to  the
          bitmask.  See the Kpathsea manual for details.

     --maketex fmt
          Enable mktexfmt, where fmt must be one of tex or tfm.

     --mltex
          Enable MLTeX extensions.

     --no-maketex fmt
          Disable mktexfmt, where fmt must be one of tex or tfm.

     --output-comment string
          Use string for the DVI  file  comment  instead  of  the
          date.

     --progname name
          Pretend to be program name.  This affects both the for-
          mat used and the search paths.

     --shell-escape
          Enable the \write18{command}  construct.   The  command
          can  be  any  Bourne  shell command.  This construct is
          normally disallowed for security reasons.

     --translate-file tcxname
          Use the tcxname translation table.

     --version
          Print version information and exit.

ENVIRONMENT
     See  the  Kpathsearch  library  documentation   (the   `Path
     specifications'   node)  for  precise  details  of  how  the
     environment variables are used.  The kpsewhich  utility  can
     be used to query the values of the variables.

     One caveat: In most e-TeX formats, you cannot  use  ~  in  a
     filename  you give directly to e-TeX, because ~ is an active
     character, and hence is expanded, not taken as part  of  the
     filename.   Other  programs,  such  as Metafont, do not have
     this problem.

     TEXMFOUTPUT
          Normally, e-TeX puts its output files  in  the  current
          directory.   If any output file cannot be opened there,
          it tries to open it in the directory specified  in  the
          environment  variable TEXMFOUTPUT.  There is no default
          value for that variable.  For example, if you  say  tex
          paper  and  the  current  directory is not writable, if
          TEXMFOUTPUT has  the  value  /tmp,  e-TeX  attempts  to
          create  /tmp/paper.log (and /tmp/paper.dvi, if any out-
          put is produced.)

     TEXINPUTS
          Search path for \input and \openin files.  This  should
          probably start with ``.'', so that user files are found
          before system files.  An empty path component  will  be
          replaced  with the paths defined in the texmf.cnf file.
          For example, set  TEXINPUTS  to  ".:/home/usr/tex:"  to
          prepend  the current direcory and ``/home/user/tex'' to
          the standard search path.

     TEXFONTS
          Search path for font metric (.tfm) files.

     TEXFORMATS
          Search path for format files.

     TEXPOOL
          search path for einitex internal strings.

     TEXEDIT
          Command template for switching to editor.  The default,
          usually vi, is set when e-TeX is compiled.

FILES
     The location of the files mentioned below varies from system
     to  system.   Use  the kpsewhich utility to find their loca-
     tions.

     etex.pool
          Encoded text of e-TeX's messages.

     texfonts.map
          Filename mapping definitions.

     *.tfm
          Metric files for e-TeX's fonts.

     *.efmt
          Predigested e-TeX format (.efmt) files.

BUGS
     This version of e-TeX fails to trap arithmetic overflow when
     dimensions are added or subtracted.  Cases where this occurs
     are rare, but when it does the generated DVI  file  will  be
     invalid.

SEE ALSO
     tex(1), mf(1), undump(1).

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