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NAME
     shar - create shell archives

SYNOPSIS
     shar [ options ] file ...
     shar -S [ options ]

DESCRIPTION
     Shar creates "shell archives" (or shar files) which  are  in
     text  format and can be mailed.  These files may be unpacked
     later by executing them with /bin/sh.  The resulting archive
     is  sent  to  standard out unless the -o option is given.  A
     wide range of  features  provide  extensive  flexibility  in
     manufacturing  shars  and  in  specifying  shar "smartness".
     Archives may be "vanilla" or comprehensive.

OPTIONS
     Options have a one letter version starting with - or a  long
     version  starting  with --.  The exception is --help, --ver-
     sion, --no-i18n and --print-text-domain-dir which  does  not
     have  short  versions.   Mandatory arguments to long options
     are mandatory for short options too.  Options can  be  given
     in any order.  Some options depend on each other:
          The -o option is required if the -l or -L option is used.
          The -n option is required if the -a option is used.
          See -V below.

  Giving feedback:
     --help
          Print a help summary on standard output,  then  immedi-
          ately exits.

     --version
          Print the version number of  the  program  on  standard
          output, then immediately exits.

     -q --quiet --silent
          Do not output verbose messages locally  when  producing
          the archive.

  Selecting files:
     -p  --intermix-type
          Allow positional parameter options.   The  options  -B,
          -T,  -z  and -Z may be embedded, and files to the right
          of the option will be processed in the specified mode.

     -S  --stdin-file-list
          Read list of files to be packed from the standard input
          rather  than from the command line.  Input must be in a
          form similar to that generated by the find command, one
          filename  per  line.   This switch is especially useful
          when the command line will not hold the list  of  files
          to be packed.  For example:

          find . -type f -print | sort | shar -S -Z -L50 -o /tmp/big

          If -p is  specified  on  the  command  line,  then  the
          options  -B, -T, -z and -Z may be included in the stan-
          dard input (on a line separate  from  filenames).   The
          maximum  number  of lines of standard input, file names
          and options, may not exceed 1024.

  Splitting output:
     -o XXX  --output-prefix=XXX
          Save the archive to files XXX.01 thru XXX.nn instead of
          sending  it  to standard out.  Must be used when the -l
          or the -L switches are used.

     -l XX  --whole-size-limit=XX
          Limit the output file size to XXk bytes but don't split
          input files.

     -L XX  --split-size-limit=XX
          Limit output file size to XXk bytes and split files  if
          necessary.   The archive parts created with this option
          must be unpacked in correct order.

  Controlling the shar headers:
     -n name  --archive-name=name
          Name of archive to be included in  the  header  of  the
          shar files.  See the -a switch.

     -s who@where  --submitter=who@where
          Override automatically determined submitter name.

     -a  --net-headers
          Allows automatic generation of headers:
               Submitted-by: who@where
               Archive-name: <name>/part##
          The <name> must be given with the -n switch.   If  name
          includes a '/' "/part" isn't used.  Thus:
               -n xyzzy                      produces:
                                             xyzzy/part01
                                             xyzzy/part02

               -n xyzzy/patch                produces:
                                             xyzzy/patch01
                                             xyzzy/patch02

               -n xyzzy/patch01.             produces:
                                             xyzzy/patch01.01
                                             xyzzy/patch01.02

          The who@where can be  explicitly  stated  with  the  -s
          switch  if the default isn't appropriate.  Who@where is
          essentially built as `whoami`@`uname`.

     -c  --cut-mark
          Start the shar with a cut line.   A  line  saying  'Cut
          here' is placed at the start of each output file.

  Selecting how files are stocked:
     -M  --mixed-uuencode
          Mixed mode.  Determine if the files are text or  binary
          and  archive  correctly  (default).   Files found to be
          binary are uudecoded prior to packing (USE OF  UUENCODE
          IS NOT APPRECIATED BY MANY ON THE NET).

     -T  --text-files
          Treat all files as text.

     -B  --uuencode
          Treat all files as binary, use uuencode prior to  pack-
          ing.   This  increases  the  size  of the archive.  The
          recipient must have uudecode in order to unpack.   (USE
          OF UUENCODE IS NOT APPRECIATED BY MANY ON THE NET).

     -z  --gzip
          Gzip and uuencode all  files  prior  to  packing.   The
          recipient  must  have  uudecode  and  gzip  in order to
          unpack (USE OF UUENCODE AND GZIP IS NOT APPRECIATED  BY
          MANY ON THE NET).

     -g LEVEL  --level-for-gzip=LEVEL
          When doing compression, use '-LEVEL' as a parameter  to
          gzip.   Default  is  9.   The -g option turns on the -z
          option by default.

     -Z  --compress
          Compress and uuencode all files prior to packing.   The
          recipient  must  have uudecode and compress in order to
          unpack (USE OF UUENCODE AND COMPRESS IS NOT APPRECIATED
          BY  MANY  ON  THE NET).  Option -C is synonymous to -Z,
          but is being deprecated.

     -b BITS  --bits-per-code=BITS
          When doing compression, use '-bBITS' as a parameter  to
          compress.   The  -B  option  turns  on the -Z option by
          default.  Default value is 12.

  Protecting against transmission errors:
     -w  --no-character-count
          Do NOT check each file with 'wc -c' after unpack.   The
          default is to check.

     -D  --no-md5-digest
          Do NOT use  'md5sum'  digest  to  verify  the  unpacked
          files. The default is to check.

     -F  --force-prefix
          Forces the prefix character (normally  'X'  unless  the
          parameter  to  the  -d  option  starts  with 'X') to be
          prepended to every line even  if  not  required.   This
          option  may  slightly increase the size of the archive,
          especially if -B or -Z is used.

     -d XXX  --here-delimiter=XXX
          Use XXX to delimit the files in  the  shar  instead  of
          SHAR_EOF.   This  is  for those who want to personalize
          their shar files.

  Producing different kinds of shars:
     -V  --vanilla-operation
          Produce  "vanilla"  shars  which  rely  only  upon  the
          existence of sed and echo in the unsharing environment.
          In addition, "if test" must also  be  supported  unless
          the  -x  option  is  used.   The  -V  silently disables
          options offensive  to  the  "network  cop"  (or  "brown
          shirt"),  but does warn you if it is specified with -B,
          -z, -Z, -p or -M (any of which does  or  might  require
          uudecode,  gzip  or  compress in the unsharing environ-
          ment).

     -P  --no-piping
          Use temporary files instead of pipes in the shar file.

     -x  --no-check-existing
          Overwrite existing files without checking.  If  neither
          -x  nor  -X is specified, the unpack will check for and
          not  overwrite  existing  files  when   unpacking   the
          archive.   If -c is passed as a parameter to the script
          when unpacking:

               sh archive -c

          then existing files will  be  overwritten  uncondition-
          ally.

     -X  --query-user
          When unpacking, interactively ask  the  user  if  files
          should be overwritten.  (DO NOT USE FOR SHARS SUBMITTED
          TO THE NET).

     -m  --no-timestamp
          Avoid generating 'touch' commands to restore  the  file
          modification   dates  when  unpacking  files  from  the
          archive.

     -Q  --quiet-unshar
          Verbose OFF.  Disables the inclusion of comments to  be
          output when the archive is unpacked.

     -f  --basename
          Restore by  filename  only,  rather  than  path.   This
          option causes only file names to be used, which is use-
          ful when building a shar from several  directories,  or
          another  directory.   Note  that if a directory name is
          passed to shar, the substructure of that directory will
          be restored whether -f is specified or not.

  Internationalization:
     --no-i18n
          Do not produce internationalized  shell  archives,  use
          default  english  messages.   By default, shar produces
          archives that  will  try  to  output  messages  in  the
          unpackers  preferred  language  (as  determined  by the
          LANG/LC_MESSAGES environmental variables) when they are
          unpacked.    If  no  message  file  for  the  unpackers
          language is found at unpack time, messages will  be  in
          english.

     --print-text-domain-dir
          Prints the directory shar looks  in  to  find  messages
          files for different languages, then immediately exits.

EXAMPLES
     shar *.c > cprog.shar                # all C prog sources
     shar -Q *.[ch] > cprog.shar          # non-verbose, .c and .h files
     shar -B -l28 -oarc.sh *.arc          # all binary .arc files, into
                                          # files arc.sh.01 thru arc.sh.NN
     shar -f /lcl/src/u*.c > u.sh         # use only the filenames

WARNINGS
     No chmod or touch is ever generated for directories  created
     when  unpacking.  Thus, if a directory is given to shar, the
     protection and modification dates of corresponding  unpacked
     directory may not match those of the original.

     If a directory is passed to shar, it  may  be  scanned  more
     than  once.  Therefore, one should be careful not change the
     directory while shar is running.

     Be careful that the output file(s) are not included  in  the
     inputs or shar may loop until the disk fills up.  Be partic-
     ularly careful when a directory is passed to shar  that  the
     output files are not in that directory (or a subdirectory of
     that directory).

     Use of the -B, -z or -Z, and especially  -M,  may  slow  the
     archive  process  considerably,  depending  on the number of
     files.

     Use of -X produces shars which WILL cause problems with many
     unshar procedures.  Use this feature only for archives to be
     passed among agreeable parties.  Certainly, -X  is  NOT  for
     shell  archives  which are to be submitted to Usenet.  Usage
     of -B, -z or -Z in net shars will cause you to be flamed off
     the  earth.   Not  using -m or not using -F may also get you
     occasional complaints.

SEE ALSO
     unshar(1)

DIAGNOSTICS
     Error messages for  illegal  or  incompatible  options,  for
     non-regular, missing or inaccessible files or for (unlikely)
     memory allocation failure.

AUTHORS
     The shar and unshar programs is the collective work of  many
     authors.   Many  people  contributed  by reporting problems,
     suggesting various improvements or submitting  actual  code.
     A  list  of these people is in the THANKS file in the sharu-
     tils distribution.

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