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NAME
     kerberos - introduction to the Kerberos system

DESCRIPTION
     The Kerberos system authenticates individual users in a net-
     work environment. After authenticating yourself to Kerberos,
     you can use the kerberos authentication  option  of  network
     services  such as NFS. In addition, in some environments you
     can use network utilities such  as  rlogin(1),  rcp(1),  and
     rsh(1)  without  having to present passwords to remote hosts
     and without having to bother with .rhosts  files.  See  your
     system  administrator  for  more  information about Kerberos
     support at your site.

     Before you can use Kerberos, you must  be  registered  as  a
     user in the Kerberos database. You can use the kinit(1) com-
     mand to find out your status. This command tries to log  you
     into  the Kerberos system. kinit will prompt you for a user-
     name and password. Enter your username and password. If  the
     utility  lets  you  login  without giving you a message, you
     have already been registered.

     If you enter your username and kinit responds with this mes-
     sage:


          Principal unknown (kerberos)


     you haven't been registered as a  Kerberos  user.  See  your
     system administrator.

     A Kerberos name contains three parts. The first is the prin-
     cipal name, which is usually a user's or service's name. The
     second is the instance, which in the case of a user is  usu-
     ally   NULL.  Some users may have privileged instances, how-
     ever, such as root or admin. In the case of a  service,  the
     instance  is  the name of the machine on which it runs; that
     is, there can be an NFS service running on the machine  ABC,
     which  is  different  from  the  NFS  service running on the
     machine XYZ. The third part of a Kerberos name is the realm.
     The  realm  corresponds  to  the  Kerberos service providing
     authentication for the principal. For example, at MIT  there
     is a Kerberos running at the Laboratory for Computer Science
     and one running at Project Athena.

     When  writing  a  Kerberos  name,  the  principal  name   is
     separated  from the instance (if not  NULL) by a period, and
     the realm (if not the local realm) follows, preceded  by  an
     ``@''  sign.  The  following  are examples of valid Kerberos
     names:

     billb
     jis.admin
     [email protected]
     [email protected]

     When you  authenticate  yourself  with  Kerberos,  typically
     through  the  kinit  command,  Kerberos gives you an initial
     Kerberos ticket. (A Kerberos ticket is an encrypted protocol
     message  that  provides  authentication.) Kerberos uses this
     ticket for network utilities such as NFS,  rlogin  and  rcp.
     The  ticket  transactions  are done transparently, so you do
     not have to worry about their management.

     Note, however, that tickets expire. Privileged tickets, such
     as  root  instance  tickets,  expire in a few minutes, while
     tickets that carry more ordinary privileges may be good  for
     several hours or a day, depending on the installation's pol-
     icy. If your login session extends beyond  the  time  limit,
     you will have to re-authenticate yourself to Kerberos to get
     new tickets. Use the kinit command to re-authenticate  your-
     self.

     If you use the kinit command to get your  tickets,  you  can
     use  the  kdestroy(1) command to destroy your tickets before
     you end your login session. For more information  about  the
     kinit  and  kdestroy  commands,  see  the kinit(1) and kdes-
     troy(1) manual pages.

     Currently, Kerberos supports NFS and other RPC network  ser-
     vices  using  the   AUTH_KERB  authentication  type. In some
     environments, the following network services are  also  sup-
     ported:  rlogin,  rsh,  and  rcp.  Other  services are being
     worked on, such as the pop mail  system,  but  are  not  yet
     available.

SEE ALSO
     kdestroy(1), kinit(1), klist(1), kerbd(1M),  kerberos(3KRB),
     krb.conf(4)

BUGS
     Kerberos will not do  authentication  forwarding.  In  other
     words, if you use rlogin to login to a remote host, you can-
     not use Kerberos services from that host until you authenti-
     cate yourself explicitly on that host. Although you may need
     to authenticate yourself on the remote host, be  aware  that
     when  you  do so, rlogin sends your password across the net-
     work in clear text.

AUTHORS
     Steve Miller, MIT Project Athena/Digital Equipment  Corpora-
     tion

     Clifford Neuman, MIT Project Athena

     The following people helped out on various  aspects  of  the
     system:

     Jeff Schiller designed and wrote the  administration  server
     and its user interface,  kadmin. He also wrote the  dbm ver-
     sion of the database management system.

     Mark Colan developed the Kerberos versions of  rlogin,  rsh,
     and rcp, as well as contributing work on the servers.

     John Ostlund developed the Kerberos versions of  passwd  and
     userreg.

     Stan Zanarotti pioneered Kerberos in a foreign realm  (LCS),
     and made many contributions based on that experience.

     Many people contributed  code  and/or  useful  ideas.  These
     include, Jim Aspnes, Bob Baldwin, John Barba, Richard Basch,
     Jim Bloom, Bill Bryant, Rob French, Dan Geer, David  Jedlin-
     sky,  John  Kohl, John Kubiatowicz, Bob McKie, Brian Murphy,
     Ken Raeburn, Chris Reed, Jon  Rochlis,  Mike  Shanzer,  Bill
     Sommerfeld, Jennifer Steiner, Ted Ts'o, and Win Treese.

RESTRICTIONS
     COPYRIGHT 1985,1986 Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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