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Хостинг:
share_nfs - make local NFS file systems available for mounting by remote systems
share [-d description] [-F nfs] [-o specific_options] pathname
The share utility makes local file systems available for mounting by remote systems. It starts the nfsd(1M) and mountd(1M) daemons if they are not already running.
If no argument is specified, then share displays all file systems currently shared, including NFS file systems and file systems shared through other distributed file system packages.
The following options are supported:
-d description
-F nfs
-o specific_options
aclok
anon=uid
charset=access_list
Clients that match the access_list for one of these properties will be assumed to be using that character set and file and path names will be converted to UTF-8 for the server.
index=file
log=tag
none=access_list
nosub
mount -F nfs fooey:/export/home/mnt
NFS Version 4 does not use the MOUNT protocol. The nosub option only applies to NFS Version 2 and Version 3 requests.
nosuid
public
ro
ro=access_list
root=access_list
root_mapping=uid
rw
rw=access_list
sec=mode[:mode]...
Each sec= option specifies modes that apply to any subsequent window=, rw, ro, rw=, ro= and root= options that are provided before another sec=option. Each additional sec= resets the security mode context, so that more window=, rw, ro, rw=, ro= and root= options can be supplied for additional modes.
sec=none
secure
window=value
The access_list argument is a colon-separated list whose components may be any number of the following:
hostname
netgroup
domain name suffix
NIS or NIS+ 172.16.45.9 --> "myhost"
and
DNS or LDAP 172.16.45.9 -->
"myhost.mydomain.mycompany.com"
The domain name suffix is distinguished from hostnames and netgroups by a prefixed dot. For example,
rw=.mydomain.mycompany.com
A single dot can be used to match a hostname with no suffix. For example,
rw=.
matches "mydomain" but not "mydomain.mycompany.com". This feature can be used to match hosts resolved through NIS and NIS+ rather than DNS and LDAP.
network
=@mynet
would be equivalent to:
[email protected] or [email protected]
The network prefix assumes an octet-aligned netmask determined from the zeroth octet in the low-order part of the address up to and including the high-order octet, if you want to specify a single IP address. In the case where network prefixes are not byte-aligned, the syntax allows a mask length to be specified explicitly following a slash (/) delimiter. For example,
=@theothernet/17 or [email protected]/22
where the mask is the number of leftmost contiguous significant bits in the corresponding IP address.
A prefixed minus sign (-) denies access to that component of access_list. The list is searched sequentially until a match is found that either grants or denies access, or until the end of the list is reached. For example, if host "terra" is in the "engineering" netgroup, then
rw=-terra:engineering
denies access to terra but
rw=engineering:-terra
The following operands are supported:
pathname
Example 1 Sharing A File System With Logging Enabled
The following example shows the /export file system shared with logging enabled:
example% share -o log /export
The default global logging parameters are used since no tag identifier is specified. The location of the log file, as well as the necessary logging work files, is specified by the global entry in /etc/nfs/nfslog.conf. The nfslogd(1M) daemon runs only if at least one file system entry in /etc/dfs/dfstab is shared with logging enabled upon starting or rebooting the system. Simply sharing a file system with logging enabled from the command line does not start the nfslogd(1M).
The following exit values are returned:
0
>0
/etc/dfs/fstypes
/etc/dfs/sharetab
/etc/nfs/nfslogtab
/etc/nfs/nfslog.conf
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
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mount(1M), mountd(1M), nfsd(1M), nfslogd(1M), share(1M), unshare(1M), getnetbyname(3SOCKET), nfslog.conf(4), netgroup(4), attributes(5), nfssec(5)
If the sec= option is presented at least once, all uses of the window=, rw, ro, rw=, ro= and root= options must come after the first sec= option. If the sec= option is not presented, then sec=sys is implied.
If one or more explicit sec= options are presented, sys must appear in one of the options mode lists for accessing using the AUTH_SYS security mode to be allowed. For example:
share -F nfs /var share -F nfs -o sec=sys /var
grants read-write access to any host using AUTH_SYS, but
share -F nfs -o sec=dh /var
grants no access to clients that use AUTH_SYS.
Unlike previous implementations of share_nfs, access checking for the window=, rw, ro, rw=, and ro= options is done per NFS request, instead of per mount request.
Combining multiple security modes can be a security hole in situations where the ro= and rw= options are used to control access to weaker security modes. In this example,
share -F nfs -o sec=dh,rw,sec=sys,rw=hosta /var
an intruder can forge the IP address for hosta (albeit on each NFS request) to side-step the stronger controls of AUTH_DES. Something like:
share -F nfs -o sec=dh,rw,sec=sys,ro /var
is safer, because any client (intruder or legitimate) that avoids AUTH_DES only gets read-only access. In general, multiple security modes per share command should only be used in situations where the clients using more secure modes get stronger access than clients using less secure modes.
If rw=, and ro= options are specified in the same sec= clause, and a client is in both lists, the order of the two options determines the access the client gets. If client hosta is in two netgroups - group1 and group2 - in this example, the client would get read-only access:
share -F nfs -o ro=group1,rw=group2 /var
In this example hosta would get read-write access:
share -F nfs -o rw=group2,ro=group1 /var
If within a sec= clause, both the ro and rw= options are specified, for compatibility, the order of the options rule is not enforced. All hosts would get read-only access, with the exception to those in the read-write list. Likewise, if the ro= and rw options are specified, all hosts get read-write access with the exceptions of those in the read-only list.
The ro= and rw= options are guaranteed to work over UDP and TCP but may not work over other transport providers.
The root= option with AUTH_SYS is guaranteed to work over UDP and TCP but may not work over other transport providers.
The root= option with AUTH_DES is guaranteed to work over any transport provider.
There are no interactions between the root= option and the rw, ro, rw=, and ro= options. Putting a host in the root list does not override the semantics of the other options. The access the host gets is the same as when the root= options is absent. For example, the following share command denies access to hostb:
share -F nfs -o ro=hosta,root=hostb /var
The following gives read-only permissions to hostb:
share -F nfs -o ro=hostb,root=hostb /var
The following gives read-write permissions to hostb:
share -F nfs -o ro=hosta,rw=hostb,root=hostb /var
If the file system being shared is a symbolic link to a valid pathname, the canonical path (the path which the symbolic link follows) are shared. For example, if /export/foo is a symbolic link to /export/bar (/export/foo -> /export/bar), the following share command results in /export/bar as the shared pathname (and not /export/foo).
example# share -F nfs /export/foo
An NFS mount of server:/export/foo results in server:/export/bar really being mounted.
This line in the /etc/dfs/dfstab file shares the /disk file system read-only at boot time:
share -F nfs -o ro /disk
The same command entered from the command line does not share the /disk file system unless there is at least one file system entry in the /etc/dfs/dfstab file. The mountd(1M) and nfsd(1M) daemons only run if there is a file system entry in /etc/dfs/dfstab when starting or rebooting the system.
The mountd(1M) process allows the processing of a path name the contains a symbolic link. This allows the processing of paths that are not themselves explicitly shared with share_nfs. For example, /export/foo might be a symbolic link that refers to /export/bar which has been specifically shared. When the client mounts /export/foo the mountd processing follows the symbolic link and responds with the /export/bar. The NFS Version 4 protocol does not use the mountd processing and the client's use of /export/foo does not work as it does with NFS Version 2 and Version 3 and the client receives an error when attempting to mount /export/foo.
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