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exports - define remote mount points for NFS mount requests
Each line in the file (other than comment lines that begin with a #) specifies the mount point(s) and export flags within one local server file system for one or more hosts. A long line may be split over several lines by ending all but the last line with a backslash (`\' ) A host may be specified only once for each local file system on the server and there may be only one default entry for each server file system that applies to all other hosts. The latter exports the file system to the ``world'' and should be used only when the file system contains public information.
In a mount entry, the first field(s) specify the directory path(s) within a server file system that can be mounted on by the corresponding client(s). There are two forms of this specification. The first is to list all mount points as absolute directory paths separated by whitespace. The second is to specify the pathname of the root of the file system followed by the -alldirs flag; this form allows the host(s) to mount at any point within the file system, including regular files if the -r option is used on mountd(8). The pathnames must not have any symbolic links in them and should not have any ``. '' or ``.. '' components. Mount points for a file system may appear on multiple lines each with different sets of hosts and export options.
The second component of a line specifies how the file system is to be exported to the host set. The option flags specify whether the file system is exported read-only or read-write and how the client UID is mapped to user credentials on the server.
Export options are specified as follows:
-maproot = user The credential of the specified user is used for remote access by root. The credential includes all the groups to which the user is a member on the local machine (see id(1)). The user may be specified by name or number.
-maproot = user:group1:group2:... The colon separated list is used to specify the precise credential to be used for remote access by root. The elements of the list may be either names or numbers. Note that user: should be used to distinguish a credential containing no groups from a complete credential for that user.
-mapall = user or -mapall = user:group1:group2:... specifies a mapping for all client UIDs (including root) using the same semantics as -maproot
The option -r is a synonym for -maproot in an effort to be backward compatible with older export file formats.
In the absence of -maproot and -mapall options, remote accesses by root will result in using a credential of -2:-2. All other users will be mapped to their remote credential. If a -maproot option is given, remote access by root will be mapped to that credential instead of -2:-2. If a -mapall option is given, all users (including root) will be mapped to that credential in place of their own.
The -ro option specifies that the file system should be exported read-only (default read/write). The option -o is a synonym for -ro in an effort to be backward compatible with older export file formats.
WebNFS exports strictly according to the spec (RFC 2054 and RFC 2055) can be done with the -public flag. However, this flag in itself allows r/w access to all files in the file system, not requiring reserved ports and not remapping UIDs. It is only provided to conform to the spec, and should normally not be used. For a WebNFS export, use the -webnfs flag, which implies -public -mapall = nobody and -ro Note that only one file system can be WebNFS exported on a server.
A -index = file option can be used to specify a file whose handle will be returned if a directory is looked up using the public filehandle (WebNFS ) This is to mimic the behavior of URLs. If no -index option is specified, a directory filehandle will be returned as usual. The -index option only makes sense in combination with the -public or -webnfs flags.
Specifying the -quiet option will inhibit some of the syslog diagnostics for bad lines in /etc/exports This can be useful to avoid annoying error messages for known possible problems (see Sx EXAMPLES below).
The third component of a line specifies the host set to which the line applies. The set may be specified in three ways. The first way is to list the host name(s) separated by white space. (Standard Internet ``dot'' addresses may be used in place of names.) The second way is to specify a ``netgroup'' as defined in the netgroup file (see netgroup(5)). The third way is to specify an Internet subnetwork using a network and network mask that is defined as the set of all hosts with addresses within the subnetwork. This latter approach requires less overhead within the kernel and is recommended for cases where the export line refers to a large number of clients within an administrative subnet.
The first two cases are specified by simply listing the name(s) separated by whitespace. All names are checked to see if they are ``netgroup'' names first and are assumed to be hostnames otherwise. Using the full domain specification for a hostname can normally circumvent the problem of a host that has the same name as a netgroup. The third case is specified by the flag -network = netname [/ prefixlength ] and optionally -mask = netmask The netmask may be specified either by attaching a prefixlength to the -network option, or by using a separate -mask option. If the mask is not specified, it will default to the mask for that network class (A, B or C; see inet(4)). See the Sx EXAMPLES section below.
Scoped IPv6 address must carry scope identifier as documented in inet6(4). For example, ``fe80::%re2/10 '' is used to specify fe80::/10 on re2 interface.
The mountd(8) utility can be made to re-read the file by sending it a hangup signal as follows:
/etc/rc.d/mountd reload
After sending the SIGHUP check the syslogd(8) output to see whether mountd(8) logged any parsing errors in the file.
/usr /usr/local -maproot=0:10 friends /usr -maproot=daemon grumpy.cis.uoguelph.ca 131.104.48.16 /usr -ro -mapall=nobody /u -maproot=bin: -network 131.104.48 -mask 255.255.255.0 /a -network 192.168.0/24 /a -network 3ffe:1ce1:1:fe80::/64 /u2 -maproot=root friends /u2 -alldirs -network cis-net -mask cis-mask /cdrom -alldirs,quiet,ro -network 192.168.33.0 -mask 255.255.255.0
Given that /usr , /u , /a and /u2 are local file system mount points, the above example specifies the following:
The file system rooted at /usr is exported to hosts friends where friends is specified in the netgroup file with users mapped to their remote credentials and root mapped to UID 0 and group 10. It is exported read-write and the hosts in ``friends'' can mount either /usr or /usr/local It is exported to 131.104.48.16 and grumpy.cis.uoguelph.ca with users mapped to their remote credentials and root mapped to the user and groups associated with ``daemon'' it is exported to the rest of the world as read-only with all users mapped to the user and groups associated with ``nobody''
The file system rooted at /u is exported to all hosts on the subnetwork 131.104.48 with root mapped to the UID for ``bin'' and with no group access.
The file system rooted at /u2 is exported to the hosts in ``friends'' with root mapped to UID and groups associated with ``root'' it is exported to all hosts on network ``cis-net'' allowing mounts at any directory within /u2.
The file system rooted at /a is exported to the network 192.168.0.0, with a netmask of 255.255.255.0. However, the netmask length in the entry for /a is not specified through a -mask option, but through the / prefix notation.
The file system rooted at /a is also exported to the IPv6 network 3ffe:1ce1:1:fe80:: address, using the upper 64 bits as the prefix. Note that, unlike with IPv4 network addresses, the specified network address must be complete, and not just contain the upper bits. With IPv6 addresses, the -mask option must not be used.
The file system rooted at /cdrom will be exported read-only to the entire network 192.168.33.0/24, including all its subdirectories. Since /cdrom is the conventional mountpoint for a CD-ROM device, this export will fail if no CD-ROM medium is currently mounted there since that line would then attempt to export a subdirectory of the root file system with the -alldirs option which is not allowed. The -quiet option will then suppress the error message for this condition that would normally be syslogged. As soon as an actual CD-ROM is going to be mounted, mount(8) will notify mountd(8) about this situation, and the /cdrom file system will be exported as intended. Note that without using the -alldirs option, the export would always succeed. While there is no CD-ROM medium mounted under /cdrom it would export the (normally empty) directory /cdrom of the root file system instead.
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Created 1996-2024 by Maxim Chirkov Добавить, Поддержать, Вебмастеру |