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mdoc (7)
  • mdoc (7) ( FreeBSD man: Макропакеты и соглашения )
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  • >> mdoc (7) ( Linux man: Макропакеты и соглашения )

    • BSD mandoc
    Linux  

    NAME

    mdoc

 - quick reference guide for the

-mdoc

macro package
 

    SYNOPSIS

    groff -m doc files ...  

    DESCRIPTION

    The -mdoc package is a set of content-based and domain-based macros used to format the BSD man pages. The macro names and their meanings are listed below for quick reference; for a detailed explanation on using the package, see the tutorial sampler mdoc.samples7.

    Note that this is not the usual macro package for Linux documentation, although it is used for documentation of several widely used programs; see man(7).

    The macros are described in two groups, the first includes the structural and physical page layout macros. The second contains the manual and general text domain macros which differentiate the -mdoc package from other troff formatting packages.  

    PAGE STRUCTURE DOMAIN

     

    Title Macros

    To create a valid manual page, these three macros, in this order, are required:

    . Month day, year
    Document date.
    .
    Title, in upper case.
    . OPERATING_SYSTEM [version/release]
    Operating system (BSD )

     

    Page Layout Macros

    Section headers, paragraph breaks, lists and displays.

    .
     

    Section Headers.

    Valid headers, in the order of presentation:

    NAME
    Name section, should include the `.groff ' or `.Fn and ' the `. - macros. '
    SYNOPSIS
    Usage.
    DESCRIPTION
    General description, should include options and parameters.
    RETURN VALUE
    Sections two and three function calls.
    ENVIRONMENT
    Describe environment variables.
    FILES
    Files associated with the subject.
    EXAMPLES
    Examples and suggestions.
    DIAGNOSTICS
    Normally used for section four device interface diagnostics.
    ERRORS
    Sections two and three error and signal handling.
    SEE ALSO
    Cross references and citations.
    CONFORMING TO
    Conformance to standards if applicable.
    HISTORY
    If a standard is not applicable, the history of the subject should be given.
    BUGS
    Gotchas and caveats.
    other
    Customized headers may be added at the authors discretion.

    Li .Ss Subsection Headers. Li .Pp Paragraph Break. Vertical space (one line). Li .D1 (D-one) Display-one Indent and display one text line. Li .Dl (D-ell) Display-one literal. Indent and display one line of literal text. Li .Bd Begin-display block. Display options:

    -ragged
    Unjustified (ragged edges).
    -filled
    Justified.
    -literal
    Literal text or code.
    -file name
    Read in named file and display.
    -offset string
    Offset display. Acceptable string values:

    left
    Align block on left (default).
    center
    Approximate center margin.
    indent
    Six constant width spaces (a tab).
    indent-two
    Two tabs.
    right
    Left aligns block 2 inches from right.
    xx n
    Where xx is a number from 4 n to 99 n
    Aa Where
    Aa is a callable macro name.
    string
    The width of string is used.

    Li .Ed End-display (matches .Bd). Li .Bl Begin-list. Create lists or columns. Options:

    List-types

    -bullet Ta Bullet Item List
    -item Ta Unlabeled List
    -enum Ta Enumerated List
    -tag Ta Tag Labeled List
    -diag Ta Diagnostic List
    -hang Ta Hanging Labeled List
    -ohang Ta Overhanging Labeled List
    -inset Ta Inset or Run-on Labeled List

    List-parameters

    -offset
    (All lists.) See `. ' begin-display above.
    -width
    ( -tag and -hang lists only.) See `. '
    -compact
    (All lists.) Suppresses blank lines.

    Li .El End-list. Li .It List item.

     

    MANUAL AND GENERAL TEXT DOMAIN MACROS

    The manual and general text domain macros are special in that most of them are parsed for callable macros for example:

    .[-s file ]
    Produces [-s file ]

    In this example, the option enclosure macro `.[is] ' parsed, and calls the callable content macro `- ' which operates on the argument `s' and then calls the callable content macro `file ... ' which operates on the argument `file' Some macros may be callable, but are not parsed and vice versa. These macros are indicated in the parsed and callable columns below.

    Unless stated, manual domain macros share a common syntax:

    .argument [ . , ; : ( ) [ ] argument ...]

    Note Opening and closing punctuation characters are only recognized as such if they are presented one at a time. The string `),' is not recognized as punctuation and will be output with a leading white space and in what ever font the calling macro uses. The argument list `]' ) , is recognized as three sequential closing punctuation characters and a leading white space is not output between the characters and the previous argument (if any). The special meaning of a punctuation character may be escaped with the string `\&' For example the following string,

    .file1 , file2 , file3 ) .
    Produces file1 , file2 , file3 )

     

    Manual Domain Macros

    Name   Parsed  Callable        Description
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Address. (This macro may be deprecated.)
    An Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Author name.
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Command-line argument.
    Ta Ta Ta Configuration declaration (section four only).
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Command-line argument modifier.
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Defined variable (source code).
    Er Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Error number (source code).
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Environment variable.
    Fa Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Function argument.
    Fd Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Function declaration.
    Fn Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Function call (also .Fo and .Fc).
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Interactive command.
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Literal text.
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Command name.
    [Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Option (also .[and .Oc). ]
    Ot Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Old style function type (Fortran only).
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Pathname or filename.
    St Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Standards (-p1003.2, -p1003.1 or -ansiC)
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Variable name.
    Vt Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Variable type (Fortran only).
    TaYesTaYesTaManualPageCrossReference.

     

    General Text Domain Macros

    Name  Parsed  Callable        Description
    %A Ta Yes Ta Ta Reference author.
    %B Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Reference book title.
    %C Ta Ta Ta Reference place of publishing (city).
    %D Ta Ta Ta Reference date.
    %J Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Reference journal title.
    %N Ta Ta Ta Reference issue number.
    %O Ta Ta Ta Reference optional information.
    %P Ta Ta Ta Reference page number(s).
    %R Ta Ta Ta Reference report Name.
    %T Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Reference article title.
    %V Ta Ta Ta Reference volume.
    Ac Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Angle close quote.
    Ao Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Angle open quote.
    Ap Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Apostrophe.
    Aq Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Angle quote.
    AT&T System Ta Ta Ta AT&T UNIX
    Bc Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Bracket close quote.
    Bf Ta Ta Ta Begin font mode.
    Bo Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Bracket open quote.
    Bq Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Bracket quote.
    BSD Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta BSD
    Db Ta Ta Ta Debug (default is \*qoff\*q)
    Dc Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Double close quote.
    Do Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Double open quote.
    ``Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Double quote. ''
    Ec Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Enclose string close quote.
    Ef Ta Ta Ta End font mode.
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Emphasis (traditional English).
    Eo Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Enclose string open quote.
    Fx Ta Ta Ta FreeBSD operating system
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Normal text (no-op).
    Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta space.
    Pc Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Parenthesis close quote.
    Ta Yes Ta Ta Prefix string.
    Po Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Parenthesis open quote.
    (Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Parentheses quote. )
    Qc Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Straight Double close quote.
    `Ta Yes '
    Ta Yes Ta Quoted literal.
    Qo Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Straight Double open quote.
    Qq Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Straight Double quote.
    Li Rs Ta No Ta No Ta "Reference start." Li Rv Ta No Ta No Ta "Return values (sections two and three only)." Li Sc Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta "Single close quote." Li So Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta "Single open quote." Li Sq Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta "Single quote." Li Sm Ta No Ta No Ta "Space mode (default is \*qon\*q)" Li Sx Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta "Section Cross Reference." Li Sy Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta "Symbolic (traditional English)." Li Tn Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta "Trade or type name (small Caps)." Li Ux Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Ux Li Xc Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta "Extend argument list close." Li Xo Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta "Extend argument list open."

    Macro names ending in `q' quote remaining items on the argument list. Macro names ending in `o' begin a quote which may span more than one line of input and are close quoted with the matching macro name ending in `c' Enclosure macros may be nested and are limited to eight arguments.

    Note: the extended argument list macros ( `. ' `. ' and the function enclosure macros ( `.Fo , ' `.Fc ) ' are irregular. The extended list macros are used when the number of macro arguments would exceed the troff limitation of nine arguments.

    The macros UR (starting a URI/URL hypertext reference), UE (ending one), and UN (identifying a target for a reference) are also available. See man(7) for more information on these macros.  

    FILES

    doc.tmac
    Manual and general text domain macros.
    tmac/doc-common
    Common structural macros and definitions.
    tmac/doc-nroff
    Site dependent nroff style file.
    tmac/doc-ditroff
    Site dependent troff style file.
    tmac/doc-syms
    Special defines (such as the standards macro).

     

    SEE ALSO

    groff_mdoc7, mdoc.samples7, man(7), man-pages7  

    COLOPHON

    This page is part of release 3.14 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

     

    Index

    NAME
    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    PAGE STRUCTURE DOMAIN
    Title Macros
    Page Layout Macros
    Section Headers.
    MANUAL AND GENERAL TEXT DOMAIN MACROS
    Manual Domain Macros
    General Text Domain Macros
    FILES
    SEE ALSO
    COLOPHON

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