]
The
utility
is the configuration program for the
lmc(4)
wide-area network device driver.
It sets control values, such as T3 framing format,
and it displays status, such as that of integrated modems,
that are beyond the scope of
ifconfig(8).
The
utility
displays the interface status when no parameters are specified;
see example below.
For this case only, if no
interface
is specified, it defaults to
``lmc0
''
Only the super-user may modify the configuration of a network interface.
The following options are available:
interface
This is the name of the interface; the default is
``lmc0
''
If
netgraph(4)
is present and the interface name ends with a colon
then Netgraph control messages are used,
otherwise the
ifnet(9)
kernel interface and socket
ioctl(2)
system calls are used.
-1
All parameters after this apply to the T1E1 card.
-3
All parameters after this apply to the T3 card.
Commands for all cards
The following parameters apply to more then one card type.
-a number
Set Transmitter clock source to
number
"1" Ta TxClk from modem Ta T1E1, HSSI Ta default
"2" Ta Internal source Ta T1E1, HSSI
"3" Ta RxClk from modem Ta T1E1, HSSIc Ta loop timed
"4" Ta External connector Ta T1E1, HSSIc
An HSSI card normally takes its Tx clock from the modem connector
(it is a DTE) but can use the PCI bus clock (typically 33 MHz)
for loopback and null modem testing; values 3 and 4 are only
applicable to a few rare CompactPCI/HSSI cards.
A T1E1 card uses an on-board synthesized oscillator
if the value is 1 or 2; it
loop times
(uses the clock recovered by the receiver as the transmitter clock)
if the value is 3; and it uses a clock from a header connector on
the card if the value is 4.
TxClk source is not applicable to other card types.
-b
Read BIOS ROM.
Print the first 256 locations.
The BIOS ROM is not used and not present on some cards.
-B
Write BIOS ROM.
Write the first 256 locations with an address pattern.
-c
Use HDLC's 16-bit CRC polynomial: X^16+X^12+X^5+1 (default).
-C
Use HDLC's 32-bit CRC polynomial:
X^32+X^26+X^23+X^22+X^16+X^12+X^11+X^10+X^8+X^7+X^5+X^4+X^2+X+1
-d
Clear the driver-level debug flag.
Non-critical log messages are suppressed.
-D
Set the driver-level debug flag.
The driver generates more log messages.
The driver also generates more log messages if the interface-level debug
flag is set by
ifconfig(8).
-e
Set DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) mode (default).
An SSI card transmitter uses the Tx clock signal from the modem connector
and receives the Data Carrier Detect pin (DCD).
DTE/DCE is not applicable to other card types except
a few rare CompactPCI/HSSI cards.
-E
Set DCE (Data Communication Equipment) mode.
An SSI card transmitter uses an on-board synthesized oscillator
and drives the Data Carrier Detect pin (DCD).
-f number
Set the frequency of the built-in synthesized oscillator to
number
bits/second.
The nearest frequency that the synthesizer can generate will be used.
Only SSI cards and a few rare CompactPCI/HSSI cards have synthesizers.
-F
Set SPPP line protocol to Frame-Relay.
Only works for
Fx 5.4
and later.
-h
Print help (usage message).
-i
Set interface name (e.g.
``lmc0
''
-L number
Set loopback mode to
number
"1" Ta none Ta default
"2" Ta payload Ta outward thru framer Ta T1E1. T3
"3" Ta line Ta outward thru line if Ta T1E1, T3, HSSIc
"4" Ta other Ta inward thru line if Ta T1E1, T3
"5" Ta inward Ta inward thru framer Ta T1E1, T3
"6" Ta dual Ta inward and outward Ta T1E1, T3
"16" Ta tulip Ta inward thru Tulip chip Ta all cards
"17" Ta pins Ta inward thru drvrs/rcvrs Ta SSI
"18" Ta LA/LL Ta assert LA/LL modem pin Ta HSSI, SSI
"19" Ta LB/RL Ta assert LB/RL modem pin Ta HSSI, SSI
-m
Read Tulip MII registers.
Print the 32 16-bit registers in the Media Independent Interface.
-M addr data
Write Tulip MII register.
Write
data
into register
addr
-p
Read Tulip PCI configuration registers.
Print the first 16 32-bit registers in the PCI configuration space.
-P addr data
Write Tulip PCI configuration register.
Write
data
into register
addr
-s
Read Tulip SROM.
Print the 64 16-bit locations.
The PCI subsystem vendor and device IDs are kept here.
-S number
Write Tulip SROM.
Initializes the Tulip SROM to card type
number
3 Ta HSSI
4 Ta T3
5 Ta SSI
6 Ta T1E1
7 Ta HSS
8 Ta
SDSL
0 Ta auto-set from MII PHYID
If
number
is zero, then the card type is computed from the gate array
microcode version field in the MII PHYID register.
CAUTION
if the SROM is incorrect, the card will be unusable!
This command is
so
dangerous that
must be edited and recompiled to enable it.
-t
Read Tulip CSRs.
Print the 16 32-bit control and status registers.
-T addr data
Write Tulip CSR.
Write
data
into CSR number
addr
Note that
addr
is a CSR number (0-15) not a byte offset into CSR space.
-u
Reset event counters to zero.
The driver counts events like packets in and out, errors, discards, etc.
The time when the counters are reset is remembered.
-U
Reset gate array.
Not needed during normal operation; just for testing.
-v
Set verbose mode: print more stuff.
-V
Print the card configuration [em] see the
Sx EXAMPLES
section.
-w
Load gate array from on-board ROM.
Not needed during normal operation; just for testing.
-W filename
Load gate array microcode from
filename
-x
Select RAWIP mode [em] bypass line protocol code.
-X
Select line protocol code rather than RAWIP mode.
-y
Disable SPPP keep-alive packets,
-Y
Enable SPPP keep-alive packets.
-z
Set SPPP line protocol to Cisco-HDLC.
-Z
Set SPPP line protocol to PPP.
-?
Print help (usage message).
Commands for T1E1 cards
The following parameters apply to the T1E1 card type:
-a
Stop sending alarm signal.
"y" Ta Yellow Alarm Ta varies with framing
"a" Ta Red Alarm Ta unframed all ones; aka AIS
"b" Ta Blue Alarm Ta unframed all ones
Red alarm, also known as AIS (Alarm Indication Signal),
and Blue alarm are identical in T1.
-A
Start sending alarm signal (see table above).
-B number
Send a Bit Oriented Protocol (BOP) message with code
number
BOP codes are six bits.
-c number
Set cable length to
number
meters (default: 10 meters).
This is used to set receiver sensitivity
and transmitter line build-out.
-d
Print the status of the on-board DSU/CSU [em] see the
Sx EXAMPLES
section.
-e number
Set the framing format to
number
9 Ta T1-SF/AMI
27 Ta T1-ESF/B8ZS (default)
0 Ta E1-FAS
8 Ta E1-FAS+CRC
16 Ta E1-FAS+CAS
24 Ta E1-FAS+CRC+CAS
32 Ta E1-NO-framing
-E number
Enable 64Kb time slots (TSs) for the T1E1 card.
The
number
argument
is a 32-bit hex number (default 0xFFFFFFFF).
The LSB is TS0 and the MSB is TS31.
TS0 and TS25-31 are ignored in T1 mode.
TS0 and TS16 are determined by the framing format in E1 mode.
-f
Read framer registers.
Print the 512 8-bit registers in the framer chip.
-F addr data
Write framer register.
Write
data
into register
addr
-g number
Set receiver gain range to
number
"0x24" Ta Short Ta 0 to 20 dB of equalized gain
"0x2C" Ta Medium Ta 0 to 30 dB of equalized gain
"0x34" Ta Long Ta 0 to 40 dB of equalized gain
"0x3F" Ta Extend Ta 0 to 64 dB of equalized gain (wide open)
"0xFF" Ta Auto Ta auto-set based on cable length (default)
This sets the level at which
Loss-Of-Signal
is declared.
-i
Send a
CSU loopback deactivate
inband command (T1-SF only).
-I
Send a
CSU loopback activate
inband command (T1-SF only).
-l
Send a
line loopback deactivate
BOP message (T1-ESF only).
-L
Send a
line loopback activate
BOP message (T1-ESF only).
-p
Send a
payload loopback deactivate
BOP message (T1-ESF only).
-P
Send a
payload loopback activate
BOP message (T1-ESF only).
-s
Print the status of the on-board DSU/CSU [em] see the
Sx EXAMPLES
section.
-t
Stop sending test pattern.
-T number
Start sending test pattern
number
0 Ta unframed X^11+X^9+1
1 Ta unframed X^15+X^14+1
2 Ta unframed X^20+X^17+1
3 Ta unframed X^23+X^18+1
4 Ta unframed X^11+X^9+1 with 7ZS
5 Ta unframed X^15+X^14+1 with 7ZS
6 Ta unframed X^20+X^17+1 with 14ZS (QRSS)
7 Ta unframed X^23+X^18+1 with 14ZS
8 Ta framed X^11+X^9+1
9 Ta framed X^15+X^14+1
10 Ta framed X^20+X^17+1
11 Ta framed X^23+X^18+1
12 Ta framed X^11+X^9+1 with 7ZS
13 Ta framed X^15+X^14+1 with 7ZS
14 Ta framed X^20+X^17+1 with 14ZS (QRSS)
15 Ta framed X^23+X^18+1 with 14ZS
-u number
Set transmit pulse shape to
number
0 Ta T1 DSX 0 to 40 meters
2 Ta T1 DSX 40 to 80 meters
4 Ta T1 DSX 80 to 120 meters
6 Ta T1 DSX 120 to 160 meters
8 Ta T1 DSX 160 to 200 meters
10 Ta E1 75-ohm coax pair
12 Ta E1 120-ohm twisted pairs
14 Ta T1 CSU 200 to 2000 meters; set LBO
255 Ta auto-set based on cable length and framing format (default)
-U number
Set transmit line build-out to
number
" 0" Ta 0 dB Ta FCC option A
" 16" Ta 7.5 dB Ta FCC option B
" 32" Ta 15 dB Ta FCC option C
" 48" Ta 22.5 dB Ta final span
"255" Ta auto-set based on cable length (default)
This is only applicable if the pulse shape is T1-CSU.
-v
Set verbose mode: print more stuff.
-x
Disable transmitter outputs.
-X
Enable transmitter outputs.
Commands for T3 cards
The following parameters apply to the T3 card type:
-a
Stop sending alarm signal.
"y" Ta Yellow Alarm Ta X-bits set to 0
"a" Ta Red Alarm Ta framed 1010... aka AIS
"b" Ta Blue Alarm Ta unframed all-ones
"i" Ta Idle signal Ta framed 11001100...
-A
Start sending alarm signal (see table above).
-B number
Send a BOP (Bit Oriented Protocol) message with code
number
BOP codes are six bits.
-c number
Set cable length to
number
meters (default: 10 meters).
This is used to set receiver sensitivity
and transmitter line build-out.
-d
Print the status of the on-board T3 DSU [em] see the
Sx EXAMPLES
section.
-e number
Set the framing format to
number
100 Ta T3-C-bit parity
101 Ta T3-M13 format
-f
Read framer registers.
Print the 22 8-bit registers in the framer chip.
-F addr data
Write framer register.
Write
data
into register
addr
-l
Send a
line loopback deactivate
BOP message.
-L
Send a
line loopback activate
BOP message.
-s
Print the status of the on-board T3 DSU [em] see the
Sx EXAMPLES
section.
-S number
Set payload scrambler polynominal to
number
1 Ta payload scrambler disabled
2 Ta X^43+1: DigitalLink and Kentrox
3 Ta X^20+X^17+1 w/28ZS: Larscom
Payload scrambler polynomials are not standardized.
-v
Set verbose mode: print more stuff.
-V number
Set transmit frequency offset to
number
Some T3 cards can offset the transmitter frequency from 44.736 MHz.
Number
is in the range (0..4095); 2048 is zero offset; step size is about 3 Hz.
A
number
is written to a Digital-Analog Converter (DAC) which connects
to a Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator (VCXO).
Event Counters
The device driver counts many interesting events such as
packets in and out, errors and discards.
The table below lists the event counters and describes what they count.
ibytes
Bytes received in packets with good ending status.
obytes
Bytes transmitted.
ipackets
Packets received with good ending status.
opackets
Packets transmitted.
ierrors
Packets received with bad ending status.
oerrors
Packets transmitted with bad ending status.
idiscards
Packets received but discarded because
the input queue was full or the interface was down.
odiscards
Packets presented for transmission but discarded because
the output queue was full or the interface was down.
txdma
Packets presented for transmission but queued and retried later
because no DMA descriptors were available.
This can happen during normal operation and is not an indication of trouble.
fifo-overrun
Packets that started to arrive, but were aborted because
the card was unable to DMA data to memory fast enough
to prevent the receiver fifo from overflowing.
fifo-underrun
Packets that started to transmit but were aborted because
the card was unable to DMA data from the memory fast enough
to prevent the transmitter fifo from underflowing.
When this happens, the transmitter threshold is increased,
so that more bytes are required to be in the fifo
before the transmitter is started.
missed
Packets that are missed because the receiver is stopped.
overruns
Packets that are missed because the receiver
had no DMA descriptors available.
fdl_pkts
Packets received on the T1 Facility Data Link.
crc-errs
Cyclic Redundancy Checksum errors detected by the CRC-6 in
T1 Extended SuperFrames (ESF) or the CRC-4 in E1 frames.
lcv-errs
Line Coding Violation errors:
Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI) errors for T1-SF,
Bipolar 8-Zero Substitution (B8ZS) errors for T1-ESF, or
High Density Bipolar with 3-Zero Substitution (HDB3) errors for E1 or
Bipolar 3-Zero Substitution (B3ZS) errors for T3.
frm-errs
T1 or T3 bit errors in the frame alignment signal.
febe-errs
Far End Block Errors:
T1 or T3 bit errors detected by the device at the far end of the link.
par-errs
T3 bit errors detected by the hop-by-hop parity mechanism.
cpar-errs
T3 bit errors detected by the end-to-end parity mechanism.
mfrm-errs
T3 bit errors in the multi-frame alignment signal.
Transmit Speed
The hardware counts transmit clocks divided by 2048.
The software computes
``Tx speed
''
from this (see
Sx EXAMPLES
below).
The transmit clock is the bit rate of the circuit divided by two if the
circuit is idle and divided by four if the circuit is carrying a packet.
So an idle circuit reports a Tx speed equal to its bit rate,
and a busy circuit reports a Tx speed equal to half its bit rate.
This
``bit rate''
does not include circuit-level overhead bits
(such as T1 or T3 frame bits) but does include HDLC stuff bits.
An idle T1 circuit with a raw bit rate of 1544000 and a
bit-rate-minus-overhead of 1536000 will report a
``Tx speed
''
of ((1536000 bitand 4095) plus or minus 4096).
Sometimes it will even get the correct answer of 1536000, and
if the link is fully loaded it will report about 768000 bits/sec.
It is not a perfect bit rate meter (the circuit must be idle),
but it is a useful circuit utilization meter if you know the
circuit bit rate and do some arithmetic.
Software recalculates
Tx speed once a second; the measurement period has some jitter.
EXAMPLES
When
``lmc0
''
is a T1E1 card,
``lmcconfig lmc0
''
generates the following output:
Card name: lmc0
Card type: SBE/LMC T1E1 card
Link status: Up
Tx Speed: 1548288
Line Prot/Pkg: Frame-Relay/SPPP
SPPP Keep-alives: OFF
CRC length: 16 bits
Loopback: None
Tx Clk src: Internal source
Format-Frame/Code: T1-ESF/B8ZS
TimeSlot [31-0]: 0x01FFFFFE
Cable length: 10 meters
Tx pulse shape: auto-set to T1-DSX: 0 to 40 meters
Rx gain max: auto-set to 20.0 dB
Current time: Thu Sep 29 21:48:51 2005
Cntrs reset: Thu Sep 29 16:21:05 2005
RX bytes: 15053836
RX packets: 23271
TX bytes: 1732169
TX packets: 20526
Rx fdl pkts: 5443
When
``lmc0
''
is a T1E1 card,
``lmcconfig lmc0 -1 -d
''
generates the following output:
Format-Frame/Code: T1-ESF/B8ZS
TimeSlot [31-0]: 0x01FFFFFE
Tx Clk src: Internal source
Tx Speed: 1548288
Tx pulse shape: T1-DSX: 0 to 40 meters
Tx outputs: Enabled
Line impedance: 100 ohms
Max line loss: 20.0 dB
Cur line loss: 3.1 dB
Invert data: No
Line loop: No
Payload loop: No
Framer loop: No
Analog loop: No
Tx AIS: No
Rx AIS: No
Tx BOP RAI: No
Rx BOP RAI: No
Rx LOS analog: No
Rx LOS digital: No
Rx LOF: No
Tx QRS: No
Rx QRS: No
LCV errors: 0
CRC errors: 0
Frame errors: 0
Sev Err Frms: 0
Change of Frm align: 0
Loss of Frame events: 0
Last Tx BOP msg: 0x00 (Yellow Alarm (far end LOF))
Last Rx BOP msg: 0x00 (Yellow Alarm (far end LOF))
SNMP Near-end performance data:
LCV=0 LOS=0 FE=0 CRC=0 AIS=0 SEF=0 OOF=0 RAI=0
ANSI Far-end performance reports:
SEQ=1 CRC=0 SE=0 FE=0 LV=0 SL=0 LB=0
SEQ=0 CRC=0 SE=0 FE=0 LV=0 SL=0 LB=0
SEQ=3 CRC=0 SE=0 FE=0 LV=0 SL=0 LB=0
SEQ=2 CRC=0 SE=0 FE=0 LV=0 SL=0 LB=0
DIAGNOSTICS
Messages indicating the specified interface does not exist, or
the user is not privileged and tried to alter an interface's configuration.
